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Physics > Whole of aqa physics > Flashcards

Whole of aqa physics Flashcards

1
Q

What is wasted energy

A

When energy is dissipated into the surroundings

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1
Q

How to be energy efficient in a house

A

Cavity wall insulation
double glazing
loft insulation
carpets
curtains
draft excluders

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2
Q

What does renewable mean

A

not going to run out can get more e.g. solar wind water. also dont release co2

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3
Q

What is an Independent Variable

A

Something that is changed

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4
Q

What is an dependent variable

A

something that is measured

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5
Q

what is a controllable variable

A

something that is kept the same

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6
Q

What is finite

A

going to run out cant get more e.g. fossil fuel coal oil gas

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7
Q

Disadvantages to solar power

A

Doesn’t work during night and isn’t god on cloudy days or wintry days and expensive

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8
Q

Disadvantages to wind power

A

People dont like them dont work on non windy days

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9
Q

Disadvantages to tidal and wave energy

A

can be disruptive to environment and hydro electric dam involves flooding large area disrupts habitats

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10
Q

Disadvantages to geothermal energy

A

Only used in volcanic countries

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11
Q

Advantages to fossil fuels

A

Readily available cheap source of electricity
things like coal power stations have a short start up time

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12
Q

Disadvantages of fossil fuels

A

Take millions of years to form
Heavily polluting

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13
Q

What is charge

A

Value for electricity flowing in a circuit
Measured in coulombs, C

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14
Q

What is current

A

Flow of electrons
Measured in An ampere or amp,

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15
Q

What is potential Difference

A

Pushes current around
Measured in Volts

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16
Q

What is Resistance

A

slows downs the current
Measured in ohms

17
Q

Equation for Power

A

P(watts)= V(volts) x I(amps)
power= potential difference x current

18
Q

Equation for power current squared

A

p= I^2 x R
power= amps x ohms

19
Q

Equation for energy

A

E= P x T

Power x time
Joules=power x watts

20
Q

Equation for energy (2)

A

E= Q x V
energy= charge x potential diff
Q= coulombs

21
Q

Step up transformer

A

Turns low voltage into high voltage so energy can move through a system with less energy loss= more efficient

22
Q

Step down transfromer

A

takes High voltages and turns it down to low voltage to allow it to be safe in our homes

23
Q

What is density

A

Mass in a set volume

24
Q

equation for density

A

p=m/v
P=density kg/m^3
M=mass
V=volume

25
Q

Specific heat capacity

A

Amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of the substance by 1degree Celsius.

26
Q

Equation for SHC

A

change in energy= mass x SHCx Change in temp
Triangle e= m x c x triangle o

27
Q

Specific Latent Heat

A

Amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg of the substance with no change in temperature.

28
Q

Equation for specific latent heat

A

E= m x l
energy=mass x specific latent heat
j=kg x J/kg

29
Q

Internal Energy

A

The total energy stored inside a system by the particles that make up the system due to their motion and positions

30
Q

What is an ion

A

an atom that has lost or gained an electron

31
Q

What is an Isotope

A

an atom that has diff number of neutrons but same protons and electrons

32
Q

History of the atom

A

Rutherford- positive centre
Chadwick=neutrons
Bohr-nuclear model

33
Q

Alpha Radiation (helium nuclei)

A

Radiation is large
Highly ionising
No penetration
Paper and skin can stop alpha

33
Q

Plum pudding model

A

A large positive blob with negative bits dotted throughout

34
Q

Beta Radiation (electron)

A

Radiation is moderate
Moderately ionising
Moderately penetrating
Aluminium can stop beta

34
Q

Gamma Radiation (electromagnetic wave)

A

Radiation is small
Not Ionising
Highly penetrating
Lead can stop gamma

35
Q

What does ionising mean

A

How good it is at turning something into an ion

36
Q

What measures Radiation

A

Geiger muller tube

37
Q

Unit for radiaiton

A

Becquerels (bq)

38
Q

Half life

A

Time it takes the radioactive atom to decay

Physics (5 decks)

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