Saving Face/Analytical & Holistic Cognition

Question 1

Face Less Important (Guilt/Innocence)

Answer 1

Getting/giving information efficiently is the primary goal of communication
Being completely honest is always best
Ideas are “impersonal”

Question 2

Getting/giving information efficiently is the primary goal of communication
Being completely honest is always best
Ideas are “impersonal”

Answer 2

Face Less Important (Guilt/Innocence)

Question 3

Face More Important (Honor/Shame)

Answer 3

Preserving or strengthening harmony is the primary goal of communication
Can’t always “tell it like it is”
Ideas are “personal”

Question 4

Preserving or strengthening harmony is the primary goal of communication
Can’t always “tell it like it is”
Ideas are “personal”

Answer 4

Face More Important (Honor/Shame)

Question 5

How Face Can Be Lost: How Shame Occurs

Answer 5

By not living up to expectations of your group
By causing disharmony in your group
By actions of a family member who does either of these

Question 6

By not living up to expectations of your group
By causing disharmony in your group
By actions of a family member who does either of these

Answer 6

How Face Can Be Lost: How Shame Occurs

Question 7

Analytical Cognition

Answer 7

Origins: Greek esp. Aristotle & Plato
Identity is inherent/independent
Focus on attributes, categories, unidimensional connections, rules
Seeing parts: isolate and analyze
Abstract/Formal logic: “either-or”
Law of Identity (A=A)
Law of Noncontradiction (A can’t also be B)
Ex: Statement can’t be both true and false
Law of the Excluded Middle (It is either A or B)
Ex: Statement is either true or false
Doesn’t deal well with paradoxes
Cause-effect relationships are more linear and predictable. More surprise with unintended outcomes

Question 8

Origins: Greek esp. Aristotle & Plato
Identity is inherent/independent
Focus on attributes, categories, unidimensional connections, rules
Seeing parts: isolate and analyze
Abstract/Formal logic: “either-or”
Law of Identity (A=A)
Law of Noncontradiction (A can’t also be B)
Ex: Statement can’t be both true and false
Law of the Excluded Middle (It is either A or B)
Ex: Statement is either true or false
Doesn’t deal well with paradoxes
Cause-effect relationships are more linear and predictable. More surprise with unintended outcomes

Answer 8

Analytical Cognition

Question 9

Origins: Chinese esp. Confucius
Identity is contextual/group
Focus on connections/relationships
Seeing whole: absorb and appreciate
Dialectic logic: “both-and”
Principle of change (A can become B)
Ex: True statement can become false
Principle of contradiction (A=B)
Cause-effect relationship is complex and more unpredictable, even unexplainable. Less surprised with unintended outcomes
Elevates role of experience as source of knowledge

Answer 9

Holistic Cognition

Question 10

Holistic Cognition

Answer 10

Origins: Chinese esp. Confucius
Identity is contextual/group
Focus on connections/relationships
Seeing whole: absorb and appreciate
Dialectic logic: “both-and”
Principle of change (A can become B)
Ex: True statement can become false
Principle of contradiction (A=B)
Cause-effect relationship is complex and more unpredictable, even unexplainable. Less surprised with unintended outcomes
Elevates role of experience as source of knowledge