2.1 Cell Structure Flashcards
1
Q
What are the three organelles in a mitochondrion? What are their functions?
A
- Double membrane -> controls what exists and enters and folds
- Cristae -> provide larger surface area for attachment of enzymes and proteins involved in respiration
- Matrix -> contains proteins, lipids, ribosomes and DNA that enables the organelles to produce its own proteins
2
Q
What does mitochondria produce?
A
produce ATP (an energy-carrier molecule) from respiratory substrates such as glucose.
3
Q
What are the organelles of a nucleus?
A
- nuclear envelope
- nuclear pores
- nucleoplasm
- nucleolus
- chromatin
4
Q
what is the role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
A
- provides a large surface area for protein synthesis
5
Q
What is the role of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
A
- synthesises, stores and transports lipids and carbohydrates
6
Q
what is the role of the golgi apparatus?
A
Modifies proteins, preparing them for secretion
7
Q
What are the organelles of a chloroplast?
A
- chloroplast envelope
- the grana -> place of light absorption, made of a stack of thylakoids which contain chlorophyll
- the stroma -> synthesis of sugars occurs. Starch grains and DNA are found here