2.1 Cell Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three organelles in a mitochondrion? What are their functions?

A
  1. Double membrane -> controls what exists and enters and folds
  2. Cristae -> provide larger surface area for attachment of enzymes and proteins involved in respiration
  3. Matrix -> contains proteins, lipids, ribosomes and DNA that enables the organelles to produce its own proteins
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2
Q

What does mitochondria produce?

A

produce ATP (an energy-carrier molecule) from respiratory substrates such as glucose.

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3
Q

What are the organelles of a nucleus?

A
  1. nuclear envelope
  2. nuclear pores
  3. nucleoplasm
  4. nucleolus
  5. chromatin
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4
Q

what is the role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A
  1. provides a large surface area for protein synthesis
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5
Q

What is the role of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A
  1. synthesises, stores and transports lipids and carbohydrates
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6
Q

what is the role of the golgi apparatus?

A

Modifies proteins, preparing them for secretion

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7
Q

What are the organelles of a chloroplast?

A
  1. chloroplast envelope
  2. the grana -> place of light absorption, made of a stack of thylakoids which contain chlorophyll
  3. the stroma -> synthesis of sugars occurs. Starch grains and DNA are found here
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