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MIDTERMS REVIEWER > EARTH SCIENCE > Flashcards

EARTH SCIENCE Flashcards

1
Q

something that can produce heat , move objects or produce electricity

A

ENERGY RESOURCES

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2
Q

can be replenished

A

RENEWABLE

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3
Q

cannot be replenished

A

NON RENEWABLE

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4
Q

source of useful energy

A

ENERGY SOURCE

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5
Q

mainly formed from plants subjected to high heat

A

FOSSIL FUEL

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6
Q

world most abundant fossil fuel.
trapped plants ( algae and mosses )
CHONS

A

COAL

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7
Q

accumulation of partly decayed vegetation. small amount of carbonization

A

PEAT

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8
Q

tar like 45 - 86 carbon

A

BITUMINOUS

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8
Q

SUBlowest rank of coal 25 - 35 dark brown

A

LIGNITE

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9
Q

35 to 45 carbon content

A

SUB BITUMINOUS

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10
Q

highest rank of coal 97%

A

ANTHRACITE

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11
Q

also called crude oil
marine , plankton

A

OIL/PETROLEUM

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12
Q

waxy substance organic matter transform into

A

KEROGEN

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13
Q

process kerogen underwent

A

CATAGENESIS

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14
Q

regular gas C8H18

A

LEADED GASOLINE

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15
Q

ethanol C2H5OH

A

UNLEADED GASOLINE

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16
Q

mixture of C9 to C16 hydrocarbons

A

DIESEL

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17
Q

high speed engines

A

1 - D

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18
Q

C3H8

A

PROPANE

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18
Q

C10 - C16 hydrocarbons jet engine insecticide

A

KEROSENE

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18
Q

low speed engines

A

4 - D

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19
Q

C4H10

A

PROPANE

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20
Q

plants , animal and microorganisms decompose remains covered by soil , sediments

A

NATURAL GAS

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21
Q

most abundant organic compound CH4

A

METHANE

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22
Q

Source of earth’s internal heat. heat from potential to kinetic

A

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

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23
Q

largest geothermal plant in philippines

A

PALINPINON

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24
Q

used geothermal energy directly

A

ICELAND

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25
Q

Used geothermal energy treating diseases

A

ROMANS

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26
Q

largest dam in philippines

A

SAN ROQUE DAM

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27
Q

renewable energy by fast flowing water. Produces mechanical energy

A

HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY

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28
Q

fast running water power is called

A

HYDROPOWER

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29
Q

height difference in between the reservoir and water outflow

A

HEAD

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30
Q

tunnel in which water flows

A

PENSTOCK

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31
Q

spinning material that generates electricity

A

TURBINE

32
Q

amount of water entering penstock

A

INTAKE

33
Q

sources of freshwater for agricultural, recreational and industrial use ( grounwater, lakes and reservoiurs)

A

WATER RESOURCES

34
Q

vast body of saline water

A

OCEAN

35
Q

5 oceans

A

PACIFIC OCEAN
ATLANTIC OCEAN
ARCTIC OCEAN
INDIAN OCEAN
SOUTHERN OCEAN

36
Q

2% of water in ocean 200m

A

SURFACE WATER

37
Q

water temperature decreases 1500 m

A

THERMOCLINE

38
Q

temperature is uniformly low . 80 % 3000 m

A

DEEP ZONE

38
Q

stored in glaciers at polar regions and high mountains

A

FRESHWATER

39
Q

permanent body of ice

A

GLACIER

40
Q

soil rock or sediment that is left frozen for two consecutive tears.

A

PERMAFROST

41
Q

moving body of water that moves downslopes because of gravity

A

STREAM

42
Q

water that seeps into the ground and fills up the open spaces

A

GROUNDWATER

43
Q

large inland body of water

A

LAKES

44
Q

area where water covers the surface

A

WETLANDS

45
Q

shallow wetland where gasses and reeds

A

MARSH

46
Q

wetland with lush trees and vegetation

A

SWAMP

47
Q

form of environmental asset providing a range escosystem services

A

SOIL RESOURCES

47
Q

partly enclosed coastal body of water where freshwater from stream meets the saltwater

A

ESTUARY

48
Q

components of soil

A

45% MINERALS 25% WATER 25% AIR 25% ORGANIC MATTER 5%

49
Q

process of physical disintegration

A

PARENT MATERIALS

50
Q

process of weathering of rocks that is disintegration and decomposition of rocks and minerals into smaller grains.

A

SOIL FORMATION

51
Q

weather can not only determine how the soil forms

A

CLIMATE

52
Q

shape of land causes mineral deposits to form which lead to natural creation of soil.

A

topography

52
Q

microorganisms play an even greater role in soil formation of how they guide soil formation

A

Biological factor

53
Q

allows the soil to complete its formation

A

time

54
Q

leading cause of water degredation

A

AGRICULTURE

55
Q

formed when waste in landfill mixes with water perculating down the surface

A

leachate

55
Q

any substance that decrease the quality of water

A

WATER POLLUTANT

56
Q

decline in soil quality

A

Soil degredation

57
Q

Loss of top soil

A

SOIL EROSION

58
Q

reduces the amount of air, water and space

A

SOIL COMPACTION

59
Q

characterized by drought and arid conditions

A

desertification

60
Q

use of more heavier machinery, deforestation and clearing of land for cultivation

A

INTENSIVE AGRICULTURE

61
Q

conversion of land to urban centers

A

URBANIZATIONS

62
Q

removal of fairly uniform layer

A

SHEET EROSION

63
Q

rills flowing together form larger stream

A

GULLY EROSION

63
Q

small channels running over soil surface

A

Rill erosion

64
Q

water cutting bank of streams and rivers

A

BANK EROSION

65
Q

prevention of loss of topmost layer of soil from erosion

A

SOIL CONSERVATION

65
Q

useless and unwanted substances by society

A

SOLID WASTES

66
Q

introduction of contaminants into natural environment

A

POLLUTION

66
Q

wastes from washing flushing, or manufacturing

A

LIQUID WASTES

67
Q

released in form of gasses from automobile, factories burning of fossil fuel

A

GASEOUS WASTE

68
Q

substances which causes pollution

A

POLLUTANT

69
Q

poinsonus substances like aluminum cans, mercury salts and glasses that does not degrade or degrade very slow

A

NON DEGRADABLE WASTE

70
Q

domestic waste that can be rapidly decomposed under natural conditions

A

DEGRADABLE WASTE

71
Q

infection of small intestine caused by parasite

A

GIARDIASIS

72
Q

parasite infects bowel

A

AMOEBIASIS

73
Q

process that changes size and shape of rock

A

MECHANICAL WEATHERING

74
Q

process that changes the materials in rock

A

CHEMICAL WEATHERING

MIDTERMS REVIEWER (20 decks)

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