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WSET 3 - Fall 2023 > Central Italy > Flashcards

Central Italy Flashcards

1
Q

Describe climate and grape growing in Central Italy

A

Dominated by the Apennine Mountains
Grapes are planted in the hills and valleys of the mountain range
Altitude provide a moderating influence on the hot climate
Coastal regions benefit from the coolin sea breezes

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2
Q

What are the five major regions of Central Italy

A

Tuscany
Umbria
Marche
Lazio
Abruzzo

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3
Q

Tuscany is divded in three parts. Define those three parts

A

Moutainous Chianti region in the north
Hills and valleys to the south
Flat coastal plain

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4
Q

What is the dominant grape throuhout Tuscany?

A

Sangiovese

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5
Q

Describe the characteristics of Sangiovese in Tuscany

A

High acidity, high tannin
Late ripener so needs warm climate
Aromas of red cherries, plums, dried herb

Usually aged in oack to soften tannins and add spicy flavours
Small barrels and larger casks
develop meaty, gamey aromas in bottle

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6
Q

Can you grow white grape variety in Tuscany ?

A

yes, white wines are also made throughout the region

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7
Q

Where is located Chianti ?

A

Foothills of the Apennines between Pisa, florence and Siena

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8
Q

Chianti is devided in how many sub-regions?

A

7

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9
Q

What is the most dominant grape in Chianti ?

A

Sangiovese
But often blends with other black grapes (frenh or italian origin)

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10
Q

From where are coming the grapes of Chianti DOCG ?

A

From anywhere in the regions, often large volumes

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11
Q

what is the appellation for higher quality chianti DOCG from sub-zone ?
Give 2 examples

A

Name of the subzone in the label ex:
Chianti Rufina DOCG and Chianti Colli senesi DOCG

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12
Q

Explain Chianti Classico DOCG

A

Has its own DOCG, not a sub-zone of chianti DOCG
Vineyards at higher altitude permitting greater acidity and herbal aromas
Must be aged for 12 months before released

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13
Q

Explain Chianti Classico Riserva DOCG

A

Must be aged for 24 months of which at least 3 months must be spent bottle ageing

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14
Q

What is the highest designation for Chianti Classico wines ?

A

Gran Selezione

The grape must be sourced from a single estate and aged for 30 months
No stipulation concerning oak ageing. In practice the vast majority mature in oak

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15
Q

What is the climate of Southern Tuscany compared with the northern region?

A

Lower altitudes
Warmer climate
Cool maritime breezes from south-west moderate the temperatures

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16
Q

What are the best known appellations of Southern Tuscany?

A

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG

They are more intense and fuller-bodied due to the warmer climate

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17
Q

What are the regulations for Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?

A

100% Sangiovese
Release only from the January of the fifth year after harvest
Minimum of 2 years in wooden vessels

18
Q

What are the regulations for Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG?

A

Can be a blend with other permitted varieties
Aged for a minimum of 2 years before it is sold

19
Q

How can producers from Brunello di Montalcino and Vino Nobile di Montepulciano label their wine in poor vintages ?

A

They can declassify their wines to DOC

Rosso di Montalcino DOC
Rosso di Montepulciano DOC

20
Q

What is the geography and Climate of the Coastal region of Tuscany?

A

Flat coastal region
Cooled by sea breezes

21
Q

What grapes are grown in the coastal region of Tuscany?

A

Black Bordeaux varieties (cabernet sauvignon, merlot) and a number of other international grapes

22
Q

What is a Super-Tuscan ?

A

The first one Comes from the Tuscan Coast
The original wine was Made from Cabernet Sauvignon and sold for a premium price despite not being eligible for PDO status

Turning point for the international image of italian wines

23
Q

What is Toscana IGT

A

high quality wines from international varieties and sometimes italien varieties as part of the blend

24
Q

What are the appellations that permit wines to be made entirely from non-italian varieties in tuscany (cabernet sauvignon, merlot, syrah)?

A

Bolgheri DOC

25
Q

Where is the region of Umbria ?

A

South of Tuscany

26
Q

What is the climate of Umbria?

A

Similar to Tuscany but more continental, without any influence of the Mediterranean

27
Q

What are the two important white grapes in Umbria, important in the blend of Orvieto DOC ?

A

Grechetto
Trebbiano

28
Q

Which white wine appellation is best known in Umbria ? Describe the style

A

Orvieto DOC

Blend of Grechetto, Trebbiano and a few other local grapes
Light in body, medium-high acidity, flavours of ripe grapefruit and peaches

Best examples have more grechetto in the bland
Cool fermentation in stainless steel

29
Q

What is the most pretigious red wine made from Sagrantino in Umbria?

A

Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG

30
Q

Where is located the region of Lazio ?

A

Situated in the hills to the south of Rome
Vineyards cooled by altitude and number of small lakes

31
Q

What is the best known wine of Lazio?

A

Frascati DOC

32
Q

Which grapes are used in Lazio.

Describe the styles of wine

A

Malvasia and Trebbiano (white varieties)
Fresh unoaked tyle, medium body, medium to high acidity, flavours of citrus
Malvasia provide floral , orange blossom aromas

33
Q

Where in Marche located ?

A

On the Eastern side of the Apennines

34
Q

What is the principal grape varieties in Marche

A

Verdicchio (white variety)

35
Q

What is the most famous appellation of white wine in Marche ?

A

Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC

36
Q

What are the characteristics of Verdicchio?

A

high acidity, flavours of green apples, lemon, fennel and almonds
Simple and fruity
best can develop notes of honey and almonds with bottle age

37
Q

From which grapes are made the red wines of Marche ?

A

Blend of Montepulciano and Sangiovese

38
Q

What is the best known appellation of red wine in Marche ?

A

Conero DOCG

39
Q

Where is Abruzzo located ?

A

Below the region of Marche

40
Q

What is the famous black variety of Abruzzo and its main wine appellation ?

A

Montepulciano

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC

41
Q

What are the characteristics of Montepulciano?

A

high levels of coulour and tannins
Medium acidity
flavours of black plums, cherries
Simple and fruit without oak ageing
Best example are often matured for a short time in oak

WSET 3 - Fall 2023 (42 decks)

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