Cardiovascular Disease

Question 1

1. The technique of choice for measuring cTns is a(n):

a. photometric assay.
b. immunoassay.
c. potentiometric assay.
d. amperometric assay.

Answer 1

b. immunoassay.

Question 2

2. What are the names of the contractile proteins that are
   located in the striated muscle fibers of the heart?

a. Natriuretic peptides
b. Modified albumins
c. Cardiac troponins
d. Actin and myosin

Answer 2

d. Actin and myosin

Question 3

3. Which one of the following cardiac biomarkers is important in detecting moderate to severe CHF?

a. B-type natriuretic peptide
b. Cardiac troponin
c. Nourin
d. ST2

Answer 3

a. B-type natriuretic peptide

Question 4

4. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays are characterized
   by the following except

a. Ability to measure >50% of normal subjects
b. Maximum acceptable %CV at the 99th percentile is 20%
c. Concentrations units express as whole numbers by ng/L
d. Sex-specific 99th percentiles are used

Answer 4

b. Maximum acceptable %CV at the 99th percentile is 20%

Question 5

5. A protein that is involved in a number of disease processes
   including cancer, inflammation, and heart disease and that
   is expressed in the process of cardiac ventricular remodeling is:

a. isoprostane.
b. phospholipase A2.
c. galectin-3.
d. MPO

Answer 5

c. galectin-3.

Question 6

6. The most common cause of ACS is:

a. myocardial ischemia due to incomplete occlusion of a
coronary artery.
b. atherosclerosis in coronary arteries.
c. reduced outflow of blood from the left side of the heart.
d. decreased output of the right side of the heart due to
cardiac valve destruction.

Answer 6

a. myocardial ischemia due to incomplete occlusion of a
coronary artery.

Question 7

7. Which one of the following is not a requirement for an
   ideal cardiac biomarker?

a. Specificity
b. Rapid release from the heart into circulation
c. Rapid removal from circulation
d. Sensitivity

Answer 7

c. Rapid removal from circulation

Question 8

8. Loss of oxygen in the form of arterial blood supply to an
   area of cardiac tissue is referred to as:

a. ischemia.
b. infarct.
c. necrosis.
d.atherosclerosis.

Answer 8

a. ischemia.

Question 9

9. The condition resulting from ineffective pumping of blood
   to the body’s tissues is referred to as:

a. coronary artery syndrome.
b. AMI.
c. stable angina.
d. CHF.

Answer 9

d. CHF.