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RCD 1001 > Anatomical Landmarks > Flashcards

Anatomical Landmarks Flashcards

1
Q

What3 things of a complete denture depens on the bases close adaptability to the anatomic structure alllowing them to function without displacing the prosthesis

A
  1. Retention
  2. Support
  3. Stability
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2
Q

The ____ the denture the more retention

A

Wider= more retention

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3
Q

What are the 3 surfaces of a complete denture?

A
  1. Impression/ intaglio surface
  2. Polish surface
  3. Occlusal surface
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4
Q

What surface?

rests on the residual ridges and transmits forces directly to the denture-bearing tissues;

A

impression or intaglio surface

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5
Q

What surface?

made up of the labial, buccal, lingual, and palatal parts of the denture base material together with thenon-articulating buccal and lingual parts of prosthetic teeth surfaces

A

Polihsed surface

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6
Q

What surface?

consists of the teeth’s articulating surfaces which make contact during most functional and parafunctional activities.

A

Occlusal Surface

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7
Q
A
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7
Q

The denture base rests on the ____, which serves as a cushion between the denture base and the supporting bone

A

mucous membrane

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8
Q

generally have thicker mucosa and/or underlying bone that is less subject to resorption because it is cortical bone.

A

Primary Stress Bearing Areas

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9
Q

What bone is less subject to resorbtion?

A

Cortical Bone

Primary Stres bearing areas

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10
Q

The residual ridge, made up of cancellous bone and is subject to resorptive remodeling after dental extraction and with long-term denture wear.

A

secondary stress-bearing area

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11
Q

What bone makes up the residual ridge?

A

Cancellous Bone; resorbs

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12
Q

What are the 4 stress bearing areas on maxilla?

A
  1. Primary firm tuberosity
  2. Primary hard palate on either side of palatal raphe
  3. Secondary alveolar ridge
  4. Secondary Rugae
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13
Q

What are the 3 stress bearing areas on mandible?

A
  1. Primary Buccal Shevles
  2. Primary retromolar pads (distal to 2nd/3rd molars)
  3. secondary alveolar ridge
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14
Q

Compare area of support on mandible and maxilla

A

total area of support larger on maxilla

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15
Q

What is the size of the denture bearing area on the mandible?

A

14cm cube

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16
Q

What is the size of the denture bearing area on the maxilla?

A

24cm cubed

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17
Q

The ____ is less capable of resisting occlusal forces

A

Mandible less resistant

14cm

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18
Q

The shape and size of the ____ is dependent on the anatomic contour of the patient’s dentate arch.

A

Residual alveolar ridge

U, V, Square

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19
Q

When is resorbtion of the residual ridge the greatest?

A

During the first 6-12 months post extraction.

Continues at a reeduce rate throughout life

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20
Q

What are 7 factors that influnce the form and size of supporting bone?

A
  1. Original size prior to ext
  2. Severity of perio disease
  3. Amont of alveoloplasty (bone removal at ext)
  4. Forces from surroundng m.
  5. Forces from wear of dental prosth
  6. Time as edentulous
  7. Genetics/physioloic pre-despostion to bone resorb
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21
Q

What 3 things can occur is the the pt has been edentulous for many years to the residual ridge?

A
  • Resorbs
  • Crest of ridge may lack a smooth corticol bone
  • Large spicules
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21
Q
A
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22
Q

Because the maxillary anterior alveolar ridge is ____, the resorption of the ridge creates a smaller maxillary prosthetic base.

A

proclined, so smaller base for maxilla

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23
Q

mandibular dentition is positioned significantly ____ to the basal bone of the mandible

A

lingual

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24
Q

Since the mandibular dentition is positoned lingually, the residual ridges creates a denture bearing area that is more ____ postion with a ____ and ____ mandibular prosthetic base

A

Denture bearing are is more buccal with flatter & wider mandibular prosthetic base

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25
Q

How can you slow the resorbtive process?

A

By creating a dentrue that fits properly

Class 3
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26
Q

In what direction was the does the maxilla resorb?

A

Up and back

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27
Q

what class is this ridge relationship?

A

Class 3 ridge, extensive loss of facial support

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28
Q

On both max and man the residual ridge is a ____ supporting area

A

Secondary!!!

29
Q

The ____ of the ridges are
covered in the final denture, give stability against lateral displacement and create
the peripheral seal.

A

lateral walls covered
* Stability
* Seal

30
Q

The mucous membrane is composed of what 2 things?

A
  1. mucosa
  2. submucosa.
31
Q

formed by connective
tissue that varies in character from dense to loose and also varies considerably in thickness.

A

Submucosa

32
Q

The submucosa may contain glands, fat, or muscle fibers and transmits the blood and nerve supply to the ____

A

Mucosa!

33
Q

Where does attachment of the mucous membrane to bone occur?

A

Betweent the submucosa & periosteum

34
Q

The mucosa covering the hard palate and the crest of the residual ridge

A

Masticatory Mucosa

35
Q

The masticatory mucsoa has well defined ____ epitheluum and demonstrates what?

A
  • Well defined kertinized epithelium
  • Lack of tissue movement
36
Q

These ridge crestal tissues are remnants of the gingival tissues are what stress bearimg area?

A

Secondary Strss bearing areas

37
Q

As the mucous membrane extends from the crest along the slope of the residual
ridge to the vestibular reflection, it loses what?

A

firm attachment to the underlying bone

Firm on crest loose on sulcus

38
Q

The mucous memebrane on the sulcus is ?

A
  • Nonkeratinized or slighlty epithelium
  • loose connnective tissue & elastic fibers
  • irritated easliy, does not withstand forces well.
39
Q

What occurs to tongue when edentulous for a while?

A

It swells with resorbtion, into neutral zone

40
Q

Maxilla

What is #12?

A

Incisive Papilla

41
Q

maxilla

The nasopalatine nerves and blood vessels pass through the foramen, and care should be taken that the denture base does not impinge on them

A

Incisive Foramen

42
Q

What structure maxilla?

  • Dense fibrous connective tissues with minimal compressibility.
  • Provide considerable support to the denture.
  • # 7
A

Tuberosities

Primary stress bearing area

43
Q

If maxillary teeth remain unopposed, the tuberosities and posterior alveolar arch can ____ below the occlusal plane, interfering with placement of the mandibular prosthetic dentition.

A

hypererupt, may need to be srugically removed

44
Q

Hard bony enlargement in the midline of
the roof of the mouth.
* Small % pt.
* covered by thin mucous memebrane easy trauma
* disrupt retention
* May be surgically reduced if disrupting paletal seal can grow back

A

Torus Palatinus

45
Q

What are the 3 limiting areas of the maxillary denture ?

A
  1. Labial vestibule
  2. Buccal vestibule
  3. vibrating line
46
Q

Max landmark

runs from one buccal frenum to the other on the labial side of the ridge

A

Labial Vestibule

bilaterally In btwn the Buccal and lingual frenum

47
Q

Bilaterally, extends from the buccal frenum to the hamular notch

A

Buccal Vestibule

48
Q

Maxillary landmark?

extends from one hamular notch to the other across the palate

A

Vibrating Line

49
Q

maxillary landmark?

the distal limit of the buccal vestibule; it is situated between the tuberosity and the hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate.

A

The Hamular Notch

Can be palpated with a mirror

50
Q

Maxillary landmark?

Marks the beginning of motion in the soft palate when an individual says “ah,” and the soft palate elevates.

A

Vibrating Line

Anterior to the line is no movment

51
Q

What are the 3 areas top to bottom

A
  1. Buccal Frenum
  2. Zygomatic Area
  3. Retro-zygomatic area
52
Q

What mandibular landmark

area between the mandibular buccal frenum and the anterior edge of the masseter muscle.

A

Buccal Shelf

Primary Stress Bearing area

53
Q

What kind of bone makes up the buccal shelf? How does it lie in relation tp the occlusal forces?

A

Dense cortical bone , its lyes at s right angle to the verticle occulusal forces

Primary Stress Bearing

54
Q

How far does the mandibular denture border normally extend?

A

1-2mm beyond the oblique ridge

55
Q

Mandibilar landmarks

an oblique ridge on the lingual surface that serves as
the boney attachment of themylohyoid muscles

A

Mylohyoid ridge

56
Q
A
57
Q

How far should the base of the mandibular denture extend pass the mylohyoid ridge on the lingual?

What can result from over extension?

A

4-6mm beyond
Overextensuon can cause the denture to lift up when the tongue lifts up.

58
Q

What mandibiular landmark?

Located distal to the third molar region and is
composed of fibrous connective tissue.

A

Retromolar pad

primary stress bearing

59
Q

What 3 muscles attach at the distal portion of the retromolar pad area?

simulate the pad and prevent it from resorbing

Pad used as landmar for the occlusal plane

A
  1. Temporalis
  2. Buccinator
  3. Masseter
60
Q

The mandibular dentruee should cover how much of the pad?

A

2/3 of the pad

61
Q

Namr all left to right

A
  1. Retromolar pad
  2. Buccal shefl
  3. Lingual vestibule
  4. labial vestibule
  5. lingual frenum
  6. retromylohyoid area
62
Q

Mandibilar landmarks

Space distal to the mylohyoid
muscle.

A

Retromylohyoid fossa

63
Q

What are the anterior, lateral, medial, and posterior medial boarders of the tongue?

A
  • **mylohyoid muscle **on the anterior
  • retromolar pad laterally,
  • muscles of the floor of the mouth
    posteromedially
  • tongue medially.
64
Q

Mandibular landmark

located above the mylohyoid muscle.
* Serves as the border of the denture
base in the sublingual region
* soft & reseliant will not lift denture or be traumatized
* Absorbs impact of mastication on the mucosa

A

Sublingual gland area

65
Q

Mandibular landmarks

This area is bordered by the
* Orbicularis oris
* Mentalis muscles.
* Limit depth of labial vestibule, must not be inpined up, can displace denture

A

Labial flange area

66
Q

Mandibular landmarsk

Membrane attachment for support of the lower lip. It must not be impinged upon

A

Inferior labial frenum

67
Q

Mandibular landmarks

Membrane attachment for support. Must not be
impinged upon by the denture base.

A

Lingual Frenum

68
Q

Mandibular muscles

functions to
protrude the tongue.

A

Genioglossus muscles

69
Q

Mandibular landmarks

The boney origins of the genoiglossus/geniohyoid muscles and are often covered by the denture base to aid the peripheral seal

A

Genial Tubercles

Can be palapated on severely resorbed mandibles

70
Q

mandibular landmarsk

Below the alverolar ridge, anteriorly where the mental nerve exits.

  • ridge resobrtions can cause it to be at the crest and therefore compressed on by denture, cause pain and altered sensation of lip
A

Mental Foramen

71
Q

Mandibular landmakr

  • Lingual bilateral prominences of dense
    cortical bone     in the premolar area
  • May extend posterior to the molar area.
  • May be covered with keratinized non-mobile
    tissue or nonkeratinized tissue that may be
    mobile
  • Thin friable easily irritated tissues
A

Mandibular tori

Can be surgicalluy removed if inpinging, can grow back

72
Q

Mandibular tori is common in what kind of patients?

A

Bruxors because contant stimulation of bone

RCD 1001 (9 decks)

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