FETAL TERATOGENS

Question 1

any factor, chemical or physical, that adversely affects the fertilized ovum, embryo, or fetus.

Answer 1

TERATOGENS

Question 2

FETAL TERATOGENS

Answer 2

1. Maternal Infections/Diseases
2. Potentially Teratogenic Vaccines
3. Teratogenic Drugs
4. Alcohol
5. Cigarettes
6. Environmental Teratogens
7. Maternal Stress

Question 3

Factors influence the amount of damage a teratogen can cause:

Answer 3

1. Strength of the teratogen
2. The timing of the teratogenic insult
3. Teratogen’s affinity for specific tissue

Question 4

TORCH SCREEN

Answer 4

Toxoplasmosis
Other infections (Hep.B & HIV)
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes Simples Virus

Question 5

a protozoan infection, is spread most commonly through contact with uncooked meat, although it may also be contracted through handling cat stool in soil or cat litter.

Answer 5

Toxoplasmosis

Question 6

o Women can help prevent exposure by thorough handwashing before eating and
avoiding crowds of young children at daycare or nursery settings.
• transmitted from person to person by droplet infection

Answer 6

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Question 7

• The virus in the mother’s bloodstream (viremia) crosses the placenta to the fetus IF genital lesions are present at the time of birth, however, a fetus may contract the virus from direct exposure during birth.

Answer 7

Herpes Simplex Virus (Genital Herpes Infection)

Question 8

Several infections are not teratogenic to a fetus during pregnancy but are harmful if they are present at the time of birth.

Answer 8

– Gonorrhea,
– candidiasis,
– Chlamydia,
– Streptococcus B
– hepatitis B infections

Question 9

– once liberally prescribed for morning sickness
– causes amelia or phocomelia (total or partial absence of extremities) in 100% of instances when taken between the 34th and 45th day of pregnancy.

Answer 9

Thalidomide

Question 10

– a drug taken by both men and women to restore hair growth
– can cause fetal deformities

Answer 10

Minoxidil (Rogaine)

Question 11

causing intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)

Answer 11

Narcotics

Question 12

• craniofacial deformity including short palpebral fissures,
• thin upper lip
• upturned nose

Answer 12

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

Question 13

• cause fetal growth restriction.
• fetus may be at greater risk for being stillborn
• after birth, may be at greater risk than others for sudden infant death syndrome.
• Low birth weight in infants

Answer 13

Teratogenicity of Cigarette

Question 14

washing children’s hair with a shampoo such as lindane (Kwell) to remove lice should be limited to two exposures because of potential toxicity.

Answer 14

Environmental Teratogens