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Botany Midterms > Leaves > Flashcards

Leaves Flashcards

1
Q

The main photosynthetic organ of most vascular plants

A

Leaf

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2
Q

Site of gaseous exchange

A

Leaf

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3
Q

take in CO2 and release O2

A

Phtosynthesis

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4
Q

take in O2 and release CO2

A

Respiration

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5
Q

Where does the leaves develop

A

Nodes

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6
Q

Thin, flattened sections that collect sunlight

A

Blade (lamina)

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7
Q

The leaves are reduced to spines, and the thick green, fleshy stems are where photosynthesis takes place.

A

Cacti

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8
Q

It is the thin stalk that attaches the blade to the stem

A

Petiole

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9
Q
  • Have only one blade and one petiole
  • Single leaf blade at each node
A

Simple leaves

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10
Q

Have several blades, or leaflets, that are joined together and to the stem (through petiole) by several petiolules

A

Compound leaves

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11
Q

A leaf that is twice divided into leaflets

A

Double compound leaves

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12
Q

The terminal point of the leaf

A

Tip

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13
Q

The flattened, green, expanded portion of a leaf

A

Blade

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14
Q

Edge of a leaf

A

Margin

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15
Q

The most prominent central vein in a leaf

A

Midrib

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16
Q

Secondary veins in a leaf

A

Lateral veins

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17
Q

The leaf stalk (connects blade to
stem).

A

Petiole

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18
Q

Leaf-like appendages (at the base of the petiole of some leaves); they may protect the young leaf and may be modified into spines or tendrils

A

Stipules

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19
Q

Blade divided into individual leaflets

A

Compound leaves

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20
Q

Secondary leaf of a compound leaf

A

Leaflet

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21
Q

An extension of the petiole bearing leaflets

A

Rachis

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22
Q

The leaflet stalk

A

Petiolule

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23
Q

A leaf with leaflets that are borne on the continuation of the petiole

A

Pinnately compound

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24
Q

Leaflets are attached along an extension of the petiole called a rachis; there is a terminal leaflet and therefore an odd number of leaflets.

A

Odd Pinnately Compound

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25
Q

Leaflets are attached along an extension of the petiole called a rachis; there is an even number of leaflets

A

Even Pinnately Compound

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26
Q

The leaflets are also divided into leaflets

A

Twice Pinnately Compound

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27
Q

Leaflets (usually 5) are attached to the tip of the petiole.

A

Palmately Compound

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28
Q

Leaf divided into three (3) leaflets

A

Trifoliate leaf

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29
Q

The blade is attached to the stem by a petiole

A

Petiolate

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30
Q

The blade is attached directly to the stem without a petiole

A

Sessile

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31
Q

The leaves wrap around the stem of the plant

A

Clasping

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32
Q

The leaf blade surrounds the stem below the base, forming a tubular position

A

Sheating

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33
Q

This type of leaf attachment is commonly found in grasses and monocots

A

Sheating

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34
Q

Arrangement of veins in a leaf

A

Leaf venation

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35
Q
  • principal veins parallel to the
    axis of the leaf.
  • common in monocotyledon plant
A

Parallel venation

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36
Q

feather-like, net venation with lateral veins extending from a central midrib.

A

Pinnate venation

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37
Q

finger-like, net venation with several major veins diverging from the union of the petiole and the leaf blade

A

Palmate venation

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38
Q

Needle shaped

A

Acicular

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39
Q

Oval shaped, small or no point

A

Elliptic

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40
Q

Heart-shaped, stem at point

A

Obcordate

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41
Q

Deep, opposite lobing

A

Pinnatisect

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42
Q

Tapering to a long point

A

Acuminate

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43
Q

Hooked or sickle shaped

A

Falcate

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44
Q

Egg-shaped, narrow at the base

A

Obovate

45
Q

Kidney-shaped

A

Reniform

46
Q

With spine-like tip

A

Aristate

47
Q

Fan shaped

A

Flabelate

48
Q

Bluntly tipped

A

Obtuse

49
Q

Diamond-shaped

A

Rhomboid

50
Q

Heart-shaped, stem in cleft

A

Cordate

51
Q

Triangular with basal lobes

A

Hastate

52
Q

Circular

A

Orbicular

53
Q

Spoon-shaped

A

Spatulate

54
Q

Wedge shaped, acute base

A

Cuneate

55
Q

Pointed at both ends

A

Lanceolate

56
Q

Egg-shaped, wide at base

A

Ovate

57
Q

Pointed, barbed base

A

Spear-shaped

58
Q

Triangular

A

Deltoid

59
Q

Parallel margins, elongate

A

Linear

60
Q

Like a hand with fingers

A

Palmate

61
Q

Tapering point, awl-shaped

A

Subulate

62
Q

With finger-like lobes

A

Digitate

63
Q

Deeply indented margins

A

Lobed

64
Q

Palmate, divided lateral lobes

A

Pedate

65
Q

Squared-off apex

A

Truncate

66
Q

With fine hairs

A

Ciliate

67
Q

With rounded teeth

A

Crenate

68
Q

With symmetrical teeth

A

Dentate

69
Q

With fine dentition

A

Denticulate

70
Q

Serrate with sub-teeth

A

Double Serrate

71
Q

Even, smooth throughout

A

Entire

72
Q

Indented, but not to the midline

A

Lobate

73
Q

Teeth forward-pointing

A

Serrate

74
Q

With fine serration

A

Serrulate

75
Q

With wave-like indentations

A

Sinuate

76
Q

With sharp stiff points

A

Spiny

77
Q

Widely wavy

A

Undulate

78
Q

Leaf Apex/Tip shapes

A
  • Acuminate
  • Acute
  • Cuspidate
  • Emarginate
  • Mucronate
  • Obcordate
  • Obtuse
  • Truncate
79
Q

Leaf Base Shape

A
  • Acute
  • Auriculate
  • Cordate
  • Hastate
  • Oblique
  • Rounded
  • Sagittate
  • Tumcate
80
Q

Is the mode of arrangement of leaves along the plant stem or axis

A

Leaf Arrangement or Phyllotaxy

81
Q

phýllon meaning

A

leaf

82
Q

táxis meaning

A

arrangement

83
Q

Phyllotactic patterns

A
  • Distichous
  • Decussate
  • Alternate or spiral
  • Opposite
  • Whorled or verticulate
  • Fascicle or fasciculate
84
Q

Single leaf arising at each node

A

Alternate

85
Q

Leaves occurring in pairs at the node

A

Opposite

86
Q
  • Also called “two ranked leaf arrangement”
  • Is a special case of either opposite or alternate leaf arrangement where the leaves on a stem are arranged in two vertical columns on opposite sides of the stem
A

Distichous

87
Q

Leaves that stands at right angle to the next upper or lower pair

A

Decussate

88
Q

More than two leaves at each node

A

Whorled

89
Q

It is a thin, curling part of a plant that attaches itself to a support, or something similar to it, such as a strand of hair

A

Tendrils

90
Q

Are actually leaves, and photosynthesis is carried out mainly by the fleshy green stem

A

Spines

91
Q

Modified leaves that store water and or nutrients for the plant

A

Storage leaves

92
Q

A modified leaf that is associated with a reproductive structure such as a flower, inflorescence axis or cone scale

A

Bracts

93
Q

It is interrupted by stomata, which allow CO2 exchange between the surrounding air and the photosynthetic cells within a leaf

A

Epidermal barrier

94
Q

It is sandwiched between the upper and lower epidermis

A

Ground tissue

95
Q

It is continuous with the vascular tissue of the stem

A

Vascular tissue

96
Q

This chemical gives the leaves their green color and transfers light energy to chemical
energy

A

Chlorophyll

97
Q

Support the structure of the leaf and transport substances to and
from the cells in the leaf

A

Veins

98
Q

These are small holes on the underside of the leaf that allow gases to diffuse in and
out

A

Stomata

99
Q

It is a waxy, waterproof layer which cuts down the water lost by evaporation
and protects against parasitic fungi.

A

Cuticle

100
Q

A single layer of cells that are transparent and contain no chloroplast allowing light to
pass straight through.

A

Upper Epidermis

101
Q

This layer is made up of palisade cells which contain chloroplasts. This is where most
of the photosynthesis takes place.

A

Palisade Layer

102
Q

This layer consists of irregularly shaped cells with large air spaces between them
allowing gas exchange (diffusion) between stomata and photosynthesizing cells.

A

Spongy Layer

103
Q

This layer contains lots of tiny holes or pores called stomata at regular intervals. These allow gases to diffuse in and out of the leaf.

A

Lower Epidermis

104
Q

high photosynthesis

A

Palisade mesophyll

105
Q

Air spaces for gas and water exchange

A

Spongy Mesophyll

106
Q

Leaves that have only 1 type of mesophyll

A

Monocot

107
Q

Most monocots have what kind of veins

A

Parallel veins

108
Q

Most dicots have what kind of veins

A

Branching (netted) veins

Botany Midterms (6 decks)

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