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sociology education (1) > Education Policy And Inequality > Flashcards

Education Policy And Inequality Flashcards

1
Q

What created the tripartite system?

A

The 1944 Education Act

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2
Q

What were the three different types of secondary schools?

A

Grammar schools
Secondary modern schools
Technical schools

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3
Q

How were these identified?

A

The 11+ exam

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4
Q

Who were grammar schools for?

A

Pupils with academic ability

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5
Q

Who were secondary modern schools meant for?

A

Non academic curriculum
Offered manual work

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6
Q

How did the tripartite system reproduce class inequality?

A

By channelling two social classes into two different types of school
Offered unequal opportunities
High gender inequality by requiring girls to have a higher grade boundary

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7
Q

When was the comprehensive system introduced?

A

1965

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8
Q

What did the comprehensive school system aim to do?

A

Overcome the class divide and make education more meritocratic
Abolished the 11+

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9
Q

What do functionalists argue about comprehensive schools?

A

They promote social integration by bringing different social classes together in one school
More meritocratic

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10
Q

What do Marxists argue about comprehensive schools?

A

Not meritocratic
Still have streaming and labelling

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11
Q

When did marketisation become a central theme?

A

1988 Education Reform Act

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12
Q

What are some policies to promote marketisation?

A

Publication of league tables
OFSTED inspection reports
Business sponsorship of schools
Open endolment
Specialist schools
Formula funding
Schools competing against eachother

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13
Q

What is parentocracy

A

Rule by parengs
Shift power towards the consumers (parents)

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14
Q

What does publishing league tables do?

A

Schools that achieve good exam results are more in demand

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15
Q

What does Bartlett argue league tables do?

A

Cream skimming
Slit shifting

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16
Q

What is cream skimming?

A

Good schools can be more selective
Choose their own customers
Recruit high achieving, mainly middle class pupils

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17
Q

What is slit shifting?

A

Good schools avoid taking less able pupils
Who get poor results
Mainly working class

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18
Q

What is formula funding

A

Allocated funds by how many pupils they get

19
Q

What does formula funding mean for popular schools?

A

More funds
Better qualified teachers
Better facilities

20
Q

What did gewirtz say about parental choice?

A

By increasing parental choice, marketisation advantages middle class parengs as they can use their economic capital to put them in a Better position for schools to choose their child

21
Q

How is this shown in Gewirtz study?

A

By showing three main types of parents
Privileged skilled choosers
Disconnected local choosers
Semi skilled choosers

22
Q

Who was Gerwirtz study on?

A

14 london secondary schools

23
Q

Who were the privileged skilled choosers

A

Middle class
Used economic capital for their child
Possessed cultural capital

24
Q

Who were the disconnected local choosers?

A

Working class
Restricted by lack of economic and cultural capital
Less confident in dealing with schools
Code of travel and distance

25
Q

Who were the semi skilled choosers?

A

Mainly working class, but ambitious for their child
Lack cultural deprivation

26
Q

Who argues about the myth of meritocracy?

A

Ball

27
Q

What is the myth of meritocracy?

A

Where the inequality in education appears as fair and inevitable

28
Q

What did new labour want to do?

A

Reduce inequality

29
Q

What policy’s did New Labour release to reduce inequality?

A
  • designated deprived areas as education action zones by providing them with additional resources
  • The Aim Higher programme to raise aspirations
  • increased funding for state education
30
Q

What conservative government policys were made in 2010?

A

Academies
Free schools
Fragmented centralisation
Policy’s to reduce inequality

31
Q

What are academies?

A

Where funding was taken from local authority and given directly to academies by central government

32
Q

What are free schools?

A

It gives parents and teachers the opportunity to create a new school

33
Q

What is a disadvantage of free schools?

A

Takes fewer disadvantages children from nearby schools
Only benefit children from highly educated families

34
Q

What is fragmented centralisation?

A

Fragmentation= the comprehensive system is being replaced by a patchwork, involving private providers, leads to greater inequality in opportunités

35
Q

What is centralisation of control?

A

Has the power to allow schools to become academies
Funded by the central government

36
Q

What police’s have been made to reduce inequality?

A

Free school meals
The pupil premium- money that schools receive for each pupil from a disadvantaged background

37
Q

What is the privatisation of education?

A

Privatisation refers to a transfer of services from being owned by the state to being owned by private companies

38
Q

What is privatisation and globalisation?

A

Many private companies in the education services industry and foreign owned

39
Q

What are some examples of globalisation?

A

Exam board Drexel is owned by US educational publishing
the UKs four leading educational software companies are owned by global multinationals

40
Q

What are the types of globalisation?

A

Ecological globalisation
Cultural globalisation
Increased migration

41
Q

What is an example of economical globalisation?

A

Factories going abroad for cheap labour
Meaning peopke in England have to get a higher education to get better jobs for more money
As there are no factories

42
Q

What is an example of increased migration?

A

It means Britain is more multi cultural
Changes your experience in education
Learn about different religions in education
More diversity

43
Q

What is an example of cultural globalisation

A

Different values are enforced in the country

44
Q

What is the cola isation of schools?

A

sociology education (1) (10 decks)

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