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US History > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

*What did Edwin L. Drake do in 1859?

A

Successfully used steam engine drills for oil

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2
Q

*What was the Bessemer process?

A

Puts air into iron to remove carbon to make steel

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3
Q

*What did Thomas Alva Edison do in 1876?

A

Established first research laboratory

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4
Q

*What did Christopher Shores invent in 1867?

A

The typewriter

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5
Q

*What did Alexander Grahm Bell and Thomas Watson do in 1876?

A

Introduced the telephone

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6
Q

*What was completed and spanned the nation in 1869?

A

The first transcontinental railroad

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7
Q

*What did George M. Pullman do in 1880?

A

Built a railcar factory on Illinois prairie

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8
Q

*The Union Pacific stockholders formed which construction company?

A

Credit mobilier

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9
Q

*What was Munn v. Illinois?

A

Supreme Court upholds states’ right to regulate RR

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10
Q

*What did public outrage lead to in 1887?

A

The interstate Commerce Act

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11
Q

*Who was one of first moguls to make their own fortune?

A

Andrew Carnegie

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12
Q

*What 2 business strategies did Carnegie come up with? What did they do?

A

• Vertical integration -buys or suppliers to control materials
•Horizontal integration -merges with competing companies

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13
Q

*What is a social Darwinist

A

•Someone who believes that cause people are different races that they are a different species than us
•A person who believes in segregation

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14
Q

*What was John D. Rockefeller the founder of?

A

The Standard Oil Company -also formed trust

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15
Q

*What was the Sherman Autitrust Act?

A

Trust illegal if interferes with free trade

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16
Q

*What was Samuels Gompers the founder of? And what did it do?

A

•American Federation of Labor (AFL)
•AFL uses collective bargaining (negotiating) for better wages, hours, and conditions

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17
Q

*What formed in 1905? Who formed it?

A

•Industrial workers of the world (IWW)
•Radical Unionists and socialists

18
Q

*Who was the most prominent organizer in women’s labor?

A

Mary Harris Jones

19
Q

*What was Ellis Island?

A

The chief U.S. immigration station in New York Harbor

20
Q

*What was Angel Island?

A

The immigrant processing station in San Francisco Bay

21
Q

*What does the term “melting pot” mean?

A

People blend in the U.S. by abandoning their native culture

22
Q

*What does nativism mean?

A

Overt favoritism towards native born Americans

23
Q

*What act in 1882 banned entry to most Chinese

A

The Chinese Exclusion Act

24
Q

*What was the Gentleman’s agreement?

A

Japan limits emigration

25
Q

*What did industrialization lead to?

A

Urbanization (growth of cities)

26
Q

*What is Americanization?

A

A movement that assimilates people into main culture

27
Q

*What is Tenements?

A

Multifamily urban dwellings, are overcrowded, unsanitary

28
Q

*What did Mass Transit do?

A

Move large numbers of people along fixed routes

29
Q

*What was the Gospel movement?

A

Preaches salvation, through service to the poor

30
Q

*What were settlement houses?

A

Community centers in slums to help immigrants

31
Q

*What was Poll Tax?

A

Some that must be paid annually to vote

32
Q

*What was the Grandfather Clause?

A

Let’s poor whites vote

33
Q

*What did racial segregation laws separate? What law was apart of this? What did that law do specifically?

A

•Separated races in private and public places
•Jim Crow Laws
•Reject people from labor unions

34
Q

In 1896, what did Plessy v. Ferguson do?

A

Made segregation legal in public places

35
Q

*Who was Ida B. Wells? What did she do?

A

•Former slave who became a teacher and newspaper editor
•Campaigned for racial justice

36
Q

*Who was forced into debt Peonage?

A

Some southwest Mexicans and African Americans

37
Q

What was Andrew Carnegie the king of

A

Steel

38
Q

What was George Rice known for?

A

Oil BUISNESS

39
Q

What was Cornelius Vanderbilt the king of?

A

Railroad empire -he created it

40
Q

What was JP Morgan known for?

A

Leading global financial service firms

41
Q

What was JD Rockefeller the king of?

A

Oil

US History (8 decks)

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