cytokine families - block b

Question 1

cytokines

Answer 1

low molecular weight proteins that mediate the effector functions of the immune system

regulate the type, intensity, and duration of innate immune response

some are secreted following stimulation of innate immune system, others secreted by T and B lymphocytes(adaptive immune response)

mediate activation, proliferation and differentiation of target cells

Question 1

cytokine families

Answer 1

class 1 - hematopoietin; large family, high sequence and functional diversity

class 2 - interferon; important for an antiviral response and important modulators of the immune response

class 3 - tumor necrosis factor; may be soluble or membrane bound and involved in immune system development, effector function and homeostasis

class 4 - interleukin 1; IL-1 was the first non-interferon cytokine to be identified and includes important inflammatory mediators

class 5 - interleukin 17; The most recently discovered family and function to promote neutrophil accumulation and activation and are proinflammatory

class 6 - chemokines; all serve chemoattractant functions

Question 2

pleiotropic cytokines

Answer 2

different biological effects on different cell targets

Question 3

redundant cytokines

Answer 3

different cytokines can have the same effect

Question 4

synergy in cytokines

Answer 4

combined effect of two cytokines > the effect of just one

Question 5

antagonization in cytokines

Answer 5

effect of one cytokine is blocked by another