Unit 6: Emergency Situations

Question 1

Name some terminology associated with emergency situations

Answer 1

PRN: as needed
NPO: nothing by mouth
LOC: loss of consciousness
Patent: open

Question 2

What is shock

Answer 2

Organ hypoperfusion with resultant dysfunction and death

Question 3

What is hypovolemic shock?

Answer 3

Loss of blood volume

Question 4

What is distributive shock

Answer 4

Adequate blood volume in the wrong places caused by
Anaphylactic
Neurogenic
Septic

Question 5

What is anaphylactic shock

Answer 5

Excessive immune response
Smooth muscle contraction

Question 6

What is neurogenic shock?

Answer 6

Injury to brain or spinal cord

Question 7

What is septic shock?

Answer 7

Infection that releases toxins which triggers an inflammatory response

Question 8

What is cardiogenic shock?

Answer 8

Reduced cardiac output

Question 9

Signs and symptoms of shock

Answer 9

Altered mental status
Diaphoresis = sweating
Tachycardia= rapid heart rate
Tachyapnea= rapid breathing
Hypotension=low blood pressure

Question 10

What are appropriate interventions for a patient experiencing shock

Answer 10

Keep patient warm
Stop bleeding
Elevate legs
Give oxygen
Give fluids

Question 11

What causes allergic reactions to latex

Answer 11

The proteins Inside of latex

Question 12

What precautions do you take for a patient who has a latex allergy

Answer 12

Check the product before using it
The patient may also have a band that states latex allergies

Question 13

What is a normal blood glucose level

Answer 13

80-120 mg/dl

Question 14

Describe hypoglycemia

Answer 14

Low blood sugar
Most common from a drug complication

Signs and symptoms:
Sweating
Nausea
Warmth
Anxiety
Hunger

Treatment:
Sugar

Question 15

Describe Ketoacidosis

Answer 15

Lack of insulin causing cells to run out of glucose to metabolize

Treatment:
Insulin
IV fluids

Question 16

Describe a hyperosmolar coma

Answer 16

Hyperglycemia & dehydration caused an altered mental status

Treatment:
IV fluids
Insulin

Question 17

Describe an airway obstruction

Answer 17

Occurs when something is stuck in the airway
Signs:
Clutching neck
Weak or no voice

Treatment :
Use Heimlich maneuver

Question 18

Describe cerebral vascular accident (CVA)

Answer 18

Aka a stroke caused by obstructed or ruptured vessel

Signs and symptoms:
Trouble walking
Weakness on one side
Trouble seeing
Trouble speaking

Treatment:
Act FAST

Question 19

Describe seizures

Answer 19

Unregulated electrical discharge that interrupts normal brain functions

Signs and symptoms:
Altered awareness
Abnormal sensations
Involuntary movements
Convulsions

Treatment:
Just let it happen
Keep patient from hitting their head
Call for help

Question 20

Describe syncope

Answer 20

Fainting

Treatment:
Get patient to safe position
Send for help
Elevate feet
Cold washcloth on forehead

Question 21

Describe epistaxis

Answer 21

Nose bleed caused by dry air, foreign body, infection, or trauma

Treatment:
Pinch nose
Gauze

Question 22

Nausea

Answer 22

Frequently happens before emesis

Question 23

Describe vertigo

Answer 23

A false sensation of movement of the self or environment

Question 24

Describe a typical code cart

Answer 24

Defibrillator
Oxygen, ET tubes, amu bags
Medications
Suction