Topic 1 : Motion,forces And Energy

Question 1

Name 3 different energy stores

Answer 1

Any of : thermal, kinetic, gravitational potential, elastic, chemical, magnetic, electrostatic and nuclear

Question 2

Give three ways that energy can be transferred

Answer 2

mechanically, electrically or by heating

Question 3

When an object is being slowed down, which store is it being transferred away from

Answer 3

Kinetic energy store

Question 4

A 2kg block and a 5kg block are both lifted to the same height. Which block has more gravitational potential energy?

Answer 4

The 5 kg block as it has a higher mass

Question 5

True or false? If a material has a high specific heat capacity, a relatively large amount of energy is required to increase its temperature by a certain amount

Answer 5

True

Question 6

What does the Δ symbol mean?

Answer 6

‘Change in’

Question 7

True or false? Energy can be created but not destroyed

Answer 7

False. Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Question 8

Explain why dissipated energy is described as being wasted

Answer 8

The energy has been transferred into stores that are not useful to the purpose

Question 9

What does it mean if a machine is ‘powerful’

Answer 9

A powerful machine is a machine that can transfer a lot of energy in a short space of time

Question 10

Should thermal insulation have a high or low thermal conductivity?

Answer 10

Low thermal conductivity

Question 11

Describe how the cooling rate of a building relates to its thickness of its walls

Answer 11

The thicker the walls the slower the building cools

Question 12

What is the equation relating efficiency, total power input and useful power output?

Answer 12

useful power output
—————————— = efficiency
Total power input

Question 13

What would an efficiency of 0% tell you about the energy transfer of a device?

Answer 13

The device doesn’t transfer any energy usefully

Question 14

What are the three main fossil fuels?

Answer 14

Coal, oil and natural gas

Question 15

Name three renewable energy resourses

Answer 15

Any of : sun (solar), wind, water waves, hydro-electricity, biofuel and geothermal

Question 16

Name materials that can be used to make biofuels
What are the benefits & drawbacks of using them?

Answer 16

Plant products or animal dung.
Advantages - carbon neutral (if can grow plants or raising animals at same rate as burning things), fairly reliable as crops take a fairly short time to grow and different crops can be grown all year round, stored for spikes in demand
Negatives - very high cost to refine, space required to grow crops for fuel impacts large areas of forest clearance resulting in species losing natural habitat., decay/ burning this fuel increases methane and CO2 emissions

Question 17

Name a renewable energy source that can be used to power a Satellite in space

Answer 17

Solar power (sun)

Question 18

How reliable is Hydro electric power?

Answer 18

It’s reliable but not in a drought where water is needed

Question 19

Fossil fuels are currently a reliable resource. Suggest why that might not be the case in the future

Answer 19

Fossil fuels are running out and it will be harder to extract in the future

Question 20

What type of resource is only produced during daytime?

Answer 20

Solar power

Question 21

What is tidal energy used for?

Answer 21

To generate electricity

Question 22

Is wave power a reliable resource?

Answer 22

No. It is fairly unreliable because the waves tend to die out the the wind drops

Question 23

Describe how fossil fuels contribute to global warming

Answer 23

Fossil fuel emit carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere when they are burned which adds to the greenhouse effect

Question 24

Suggest why the UK currently generates most of its electricity using non-renewable resources

Answer 24

Electricity is cheap and the supply is reliable

Question 25

Give one reason why electricity use in the Uk has decreased this century

Answer 25

Appliances are becoming increasingly efficient and people are becoming more careful with energy use in their homes

Question 26

What are the benefits and disadvantages of
1) solar power
2) wind power

Answer 26

1) solar advantages - can be used in remote locations, no running costs.
Solar disadvantages - initial costs are high, need sun so can’t make at night or increase production if extra demand

2) wind advantages - no pollution in use, low running costs as using free weather natural resource
Disadvantages - need wind so can’t always supply or respond to high demand, spoil views due to number of them required to produce as much power as a coal power plant, noisy, initials costs high, production of the turbine and generator causes pollution