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Anatomy: first med > The Hand > Flashcards

The Hand Flashcards

1
Q

palm characteristics

A

thick layer of skin
numerous sweat glands
hairless
papillary ridges

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2
Q

what are palmar creases

A

where skin attaches to deep fascia

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3
Q

3 palmar creases

A
  • longitudinal
  • mid-palmar
  • distal creases
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4
Q

3 anterior wrist creases

A
  • distal
  • middle
  • proximal
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5
Q

what is the palmar aponeurosis

A

triangular shaped band of deep fascia

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6
Q

clinical implications of issues with palmar aponeurosis

A

Dupuytrens contracture if scarring/fibrosis of palm

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7
Q

2 eminences on palmar surface

A
  • thenar (lateral/prominent)
  • hypothenar (medial/smaller)
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8
Q

what separates 2 eminences of palm

A

central concavity

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9
Q

3 thenar muscles

A
  • abductor pollicis brevis
  • flexor pollicis brevis
  • opponens pollicis
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10
Q

thenar muscles innervation

A

median nerve

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11
Q

abductor pollicis brevis origin

A
  • trapezium
  • scaphoid
  • flexor retinaculum
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12
Q

abductor pollicis brevis insertion

A

base of proximal phalanx and extensor hood of thumb

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13
Q

abductor pollicis brevis innervation

A

recurrent branch of median nerve

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14
Q

abductor pollicis brevis action

A

abduction at metacarpophalangeal joint
assists in thumb opposition

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15
Q

flexor pollicis brevis origin

A

tubercle of trapezium and flexor retinaculum

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16
Q

flexor pollicis brevis insertion

A

base of proximal phalanx of thumb

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17
Q

flexor pollicis brevis innervation

A

recurrent branch of median nerve

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18
Q

flexor pollicis brevis action

A

flexes the thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint
assists in thumb opposition

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19
Q

opponens pollicis origin

A

tubercle of trapezium and flexor retinaculum

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20
Q

opponens pollicis insertion

A

lateral border of first metacarpal

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21
Q

opponens pollicis innervation

A

recurrent branch of median nerve

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22
Q

opponens pollicis action

A

opposition of thumb
medially rotates and flexes metacarpal 1 during opposition

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23
Q

what is the carpal tunnel

A

tunnel formed as flexor retinaculum and carpal bones enclose area

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24
Q

what is inside the carpal tunnel

A
  • 4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
  • 4 tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis
  • tendon of the flexor pollicis longus
  • Median Nerve
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25
Q

what is carpal tunnel syndrome

A
  • entrapment of median nerve in carpal tunnel syndrome
  • causes numbness, tingling, wasting of thenar muscles
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26
Q

hypothenar muscles

A
  • abductor digiti minimi
  • flexor digiti minimi brevis
  • opponens digiti minimi
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27
Q

hypothenar muscles innervation

A

ulnar nerve

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28
Q

abductor digiti minimi origin

A

pisiform bone
tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris

29
Q

abductor digiti minimi insertion

A

medial base of proximal phalanx of little finger

30
Q

abductor digiti minimi innervation

A

ulnar nerve

31
Q

abductor digiti minimi action

A

abducts little finger

32
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis origin

A

flexor retinaculum
hook of hamate

33
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion

A

medial base of proximal phalanx of little finger

34
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis innervation

A

ulnar nerve

35
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis action

A

flexes proximal phalanx of little finger

36
Q

opponens digiti minimi origin

A

flexor retinaculum
hook of hamate

37
Q

opponens digiti minimi insertion

A

medial border of metacarpal 5

38
Q

opponens digiti minimi innervation

A

ulnar nerve

39
Q

opponens digiti minimi action

A

rotates metacarpal 5 in opposing little finger to thumb

40
Q

Adductor pollicis origin

A

anterior surfaces of capitate and trapezoid metacarpals 2 and 3

41
Q

Adductor pollicis insertion

A

medial base of proximal phalanx of thumb

42
Q

Adductor pollicis innervation

A

ulnar nerve

43
Q

Adductor pollicis action

A

adducts thumb

44
Q

extensor expansion/hood

A

a triangular shaped connective tissue aponeurosis over proximal phalanges

45
Q

Lumbrical muscles

A
  • first lumbrical muscle
  • second lumbrical muscle
  • third Lumbrical muscle
  • fourth Lumbrical muscle
46
Q

unipennate Lumbrical muscles

A

first and second

47
Q

bipennate Lumbrical muscles

A

third and fourth

48
Q

Lumbrical muscles origin

A

tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

49
Q

Lumbrical muscles insertion

A

extensor expansions of digits 2-5
- extending from flexor tendon to extensor expansion
- linking flexor tendons to extensors

50
Q

first Lumbrical muscle innervation

A

median nerve

51
Q

second Lumbrical muscle innervation

A

median nerve

52
Q

third Lumbrical muscle innervation

A

ulnar nerve

53
Q

fourth Lumbrical muscle innervation

A

ulnar nerve

54
Q

lumbrical muscles action

A

flexes digits 2-5 at metacarpophalangeal joints
extends interphalangeal joints

55
Q

number of palmar interossei muscles

A

3

56
Q

number of dorsal interossei muscles

A

4

57
Q

dorsal interossei origin

A

adjacent sides of metacarpals
(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5)

58
Q

dorsal interossei insertion

A

extensor hood
base of proximal phalanges of index, middle and ring fingers

59
Q

dorsal interossei innervation

A

ulnar nerve

60
Q

dorsal interossei action

A

abduction

61
Q

palmar interossei origin

A

sides of metacarpals 2, 4, 5

62
Q

palmar interossei insertion

A

extensor hood of index, ring and little fingers

63
Q

palmar interossei innervation

A

ulnar nerve

64
Q

palmar interossei action

A

Adduction

65
Q

palmaris brevis origin

A

palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum

66
Q

palmar aponeurosis insertion

A

skin on medial margin of hand

67
Q

palmar aponeurosis innervation

A

ulnar nerve

68
Q

palmaris brevis action

A

improves grip

Anatomy: first med (17 decks)

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