Foot Lesions Flashcards
what are the 4 most common foot lesions?
digital dermatitis>white line dz>sole ulcer> sole hemorrhage
where do cow lameness lesions usually localize to?
90% in the feet and 90% in the hind feet
different ways you can identify lameness in cows?
locomotion scoring, lesion identification, reviewing records
explain etiology of sole ulcer and hemorrhage?
flexor tendon attaches to the caudal end of P3 where a bony protrusion is–>movement of P3 and/or external pressure causes pinching of the corium and the germinal epithelium between P3 and the hood capsule. changes in the structure and function of the digital cushion leads to poor cushioning and the formation of new bone on P3 can make it worse
describe consquences of sole ulceration/hemorrhage in mild, moderate, and severe cases
mild: blood into the horn
moderate: partial interruption of horn production at the sole ulcer site
severe: horn production stops completely at the ulcer site for a prolonged period
CS and characteristics of sole ulcer/hemorrhage?
slight to severe lameness, often both hind feet, usually lateral claw of hind and medial of front feet, possible secondary infection, deep digital sepsis when extreme
hemorrhagic discoloration of the sole means
complete stop of horn production at the ulcer site
how do you treat sole ulcer/hemorrhage? prognosis?
decrease pressure on pinched corium
corrective trimming
remove underhorn and granuloma tissue
apply a foot block
if infected, antibiotics
prognosis is good in mild cases, pooer if multiple claws affected, it’s severe, or deep digital is present
etiology of white line disease?
the junction between the sole and the wall is an area of weakness. Simialrly to sole ulcers where there’s movement of P3 and problems with the digital cushion leading to initial hemorrhage in the white line with can cause it to separate. less well understood than sole ulcers/hemorrhage.
the white line can seal over, trapping infection and creating pus under the sole which is painful.
separation of the hoof wall from the sole is worse if:
standing and turning on concrete, dirt and stones which carry infection get into the corium
what do white line dz lesions look like? CS?
abscesses under the sole, infectious tracts, pus breaks out usually at the heel or coronary band, lesions are always black
CS: moderate to severe lameness, lateral claw more common, swelling +/- big abscesses, leg abducted to bear weight on medial claw
white line disease
sole ulcer/hemorrhage
treatment of white line disease
trim the claw, explore and drain any abscesses, foot block and NSAIDs, antibiotic dressing for 48 hours, parenteral antibitoics if necrotic corium found
etiology of digital dermatitis
multifactorial infectious bacterial disease
lesions are the reservoir, usually when cows housed together, possibloe contamination from hoof knives, foot to foot contact or fomites, host genetic susceptibility is likely