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Cardiac Rehab > exam 2- EKG's > Flashcards

exam 2- EKG's Flashcards

1
Q

what does the P wave represent on the EKG

A

atrial depol

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2
Q

what does the QRS represent?

A

vetricular depol and atrial repolarisation

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3
Q

what does the T wave represent?

A

ventricular repolarisation

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4
Q

interval vs segment

A
  • interval: includes the wave
    ex) PR interval includes P wave
  • segment: btwn two wave
    ex) ST segment starts at end of S and ends at start of T
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5
Q

placement of RA/LA lead

A

fleshy space underneath clavicle on right/left arm

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6
Q

placement of RL/LL lead

A

mid clavicle beneath rib cage on right/left side

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7
Q

pleacement of V1 lead

A

4th intercostal space just right of sternal border

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8
Q

placement of V2 lead

A

4th intercostal space just left of sternal border

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9
Q

placement of V3 lead

A

mid point btwn V2 and V4

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10
Q

placement of V4 lead

A

mid clavicle in 5th intercostal space

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11
Q

placement of V5 lead

A

anterior axillary line in line w/ V4

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12
Q

placement of V6 lead

A

mid axillary line in line w/ V4 and V5

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13
Q

what part of heart are we looking at in leads V1-3

A

anteroseptal

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14
Q

what part of heart are we looking at for leads V3 and V4

A

local anterior

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15
Q

what part of heart are we looking at for leads V4-V6, lead I, and aVL

A

anterolateral

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16
Q

what part of heart are we looking at for leads V1-V6

A

extensive anterior

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17
Q

what part of heart are we looking at for leads I and aVL

A

high lateral

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18
Q

what part of heart are we looking at for leads II,III, aVF

A

inferior

19
Q

what part of heart are we looking at for leads V1 and V2

A

septal or posterior

20
Q

how much time does a small box and a large box represent on EKG

A

small: .04sec
large: .2 sec

21
Q

normal time for a P wave

A

< .11 sec

22
Q

normal time for PR interval

A

.12-.2 secs

23
Q

normal time for QRS

A

up to .1 sec

24
Q

normal heart rate

A

60-100bpm

25
Q

where is Lead I,II, and III positive

A

I: btwn RA and LA positive at LA
II: btwn RA and LL (aVF) positive at LL
III: btwn LA and LL positive at LL

26
Q

when will there be an upward deflection on the EKG

A
  • pos wave (depol) flows towards positive electrode

- neg wave (repol) flows away from positive electrode

27
Q

when will there be an downward deflection on the EKG

A
  • pos wave (depol) flows away from a positive electrode

- neg wave (repol) flows toward a positive electrode

28
Q

how to calculate rate using triplicare method

A
  • find QRS that start on a thick line (starting pnt)
  • go to next QRS (ending pnt)
  • 300,150,100,75,60,50
29
Q

how to calculate rate using the six second method

A

count # of cycles in 6 sec strip

multiply by 10

30
Q

how to calculate rate using box method

A

300/# of big boxes btwn two R waves

31
Q

what is resiratory sinus arrythmia

A
  • HR increases when you inhale

- parasympathetic system inhibited

32
Q

what is happening during premature atrial contraction

A

one etopic cell in atria fires early producing a single premature beat

33
Q

what does an EKG look like for PAC

A

rate: varies
P wave: present, in PAC may be diff shape
PRI: varies in PAC

34
Q

what is happening during supraventricular tachycardia

A

irritable focus in atria or AV node fires repetitively at a rapid rate and overrides SA node as pacemaker

35
Q

what does an EKG look like for SVT

A

rate: 100-180bpm
P wave: morphology of etopic focus is different
PRI: etopic focus has different interval

36
Q

what is happening during atrial flutter

A

a single etopic cell is producing a rapid repetitive rhythm within atria

  • overrides SA node
  • some signals get thru to AV some wont
37
Q

what does an EKG look like for atrial flutter

A

rate: a: 250-350bpm, v: 125-175bpm
P wave: not present (will have F waves)
PRI: not present

38
Q

what is happening during atrial fibrillation

A

multiple irritable foci within atria are sending impulses that are causing repeated, uncoordinated depols that override normal rhythm

39
Q

what does an EKG look like for atrial fibrillation

A

rate: variable
P wave: none (F waves)
PRI: none
waves are very chaotic and un patterned

40
Q

what is happening during premature ventricular contraction

A

etopic focus within venticles fires early

  • produces a single premature beat
  • bypasses normal conduction pathways
41
Q

what does an EKG look like for PVC?

A 
rate: varies
P wave: not present during PVC
PRI: not present during PVC
QRS: wide during PVC
will have " compensatory pause" after PVC
42
Q

what does an EKG look like for a 1st degree heart block

A

P wave: present
PRI: > .2
dropped beat

43
Q

what does an EKG look like for 2nd degree heart block

A

PRI: gets longer and longer then there is a dropped beat

44
Q

what does an EKG look like for a 3rd degree heart block

A

rate: diff for atrial and vent

P and QRS rates are diff

Cardiac Rehab (10 decks)

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