Lecture 7

Question 1

Arterial supply - heart to forearm (6)

Answer 1

heart - subclavian artery - axillary artery - brachial aftery (which splits into two (radial and ulnar arteries) at cubital fossa (anterior aspect of elbow joint)) - profunda brachii (supplies posterior aspect of forearm), radial artery, ulnar artery

Question 2

where does the subclavian artery become the axillary arter?

Answer 2

at the border of the first rib

Question 3

where does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?

Answer 3

at the inferior border fo the teres major

Question 4

arterial supply in hand starting at radial and ulnar arteries

Answer 4

radial artery and ulnar artery - deep parlmar arch (across palm), superificial palmar arch (also across hand) - digital arteries

Question 5

Venous drainage - 2 types of veins

Answer 5

deep veins (accompany arteries and usually take the same name)
superficial veins (run right under the skin)

Question 6

trajectory of deep veins

Answer 6

palmar venous arches (deep and superficial) –> ulnar and radial veins –> brachial vein –> axillary vein

Question 7

trajectory of superficial veins

Answer 7

digital veins (in fingers) –> parlmar venous arches (deep and superficial) –> cephalic vein and basilic vein –> axillary vein

Question 8

venous drainage

Answer 8

radial vein - ulnar vein - brachial vein - basilic vein - cephalic vein - axilary vein - subclavian vein - heart

Question 9

borders of axilla

Answer 9

apex & base (skin of armpit), anterior wall & posterior wall, medial wall & lateral wall

Question 10

what is the axilla?

Answer 10

area of passage for blood vessels and nerves (including those of the brachial plexus)

Question 11

what is the brachial plexus?

Answer 11

• a mixed (carries both sensory and motor information) nerve plexus aka branching network of intersecting nerves

Question 12

what does the brachial plexus innervate?

Answer 12

muscles of pectoral girdle, upper limbs and skin of arm, forearm and hand

Question 13

divisions of brachial plexus (5)

Answer 13

roots - trunks - divisions - cords - branches (Remember To Drink Cold Beer)

Question 14

Roots

Answer 14

first section
formed by contributions of spinal nerves C5-T1

Question 15

what nerves branch off of roots (2)

Answer 15

dorsal scapular nerve and long thoracic nerve (which branches off of C5, C6 amd C7)

Question 16

what muscles does the dorsal scapular nerve innervate (3)

Answer 16

levator scapulae, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor

Question 17

what muscle does the long thoracic nerve innervate?

Answer 17

serratus anterior

Question 18

Trunks

Answer 18

second section
3 of them - superior, middle, inferior

Question 19

what nerve branches off of the trunk + which trunk does it branch off of?

Answer 19

suprascapular nerve off of the superior trunk

Question 20

what muscles does the suprascapular nerve innervate?

Answer 20

supraspinatus and inftraspinatus

Question 21

Divisons

Answer 21

3rd section
3 anterior divisions and 3 posterior divisions
no other nerves branch off of the divisions

Question 22

Cords

Answer 22

• once anterior and posterior divisions have entered axilla, they form three cords
• lateral, posterior, medial
• named after position relative to the axillary artery

Question 23

what nerve branches off of the cords + which cord does it branch off of? (3)

Answer 23

• lateral pectoral nerve off of the lateral cord
• medial pectoral nerve off of the medial cord
• thoracodorsal nerve and subscapular nerves off of the posterior cord

Question 24

what muscle does the lateral pectoral nerve innervate?

Answer 24

pectoralis major

Question 25

what muscles does the medial pectoral nerve innervate? (2)

Answer 25

pectoralis major and pectoralis minor
*** 3 Ms - medial, major, minor

Question 26

what muscles does the thoracodorsal nerve innervate? (3)

Answer 26

latissimus dorsi, subscapularis, teres major

Question 27

Branches (5)

Answer 27

musculocutaneous nerve, axillary nerve, radial nerve, median nerve, ulnar nerve

Question 28

What muscles does the nerve musculocutaneous innervate?

Answer 28

muscles of anterior compartment of arm

Question 29

What muscles does the axillary nerve innervate? (2)

Answer 29

dolotid and teres minor

Question 30

What muscles does the median nerve innervate? (2)

Answer 30

muscles of anterior forearm (2 exceptions) and muscles of hand

Question 31

What muscles does the radial nerve innervate? (2)

Answer 31

muscles of posterior arm and forearm

Question 32

What muscles does the ulnar nerve innervate? (3)

Answer 32

flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum profundous, muscles of hand

Question 33

which vertebrae does the musculocutaneous nerve stem from? (3)

Answer 33

C5, C6, C7

Question 34

which vertebrae does the radial nerve stem from? (5)

Answer 34

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 (all of them)

Question 35

which vertebrae does the median nerve stem from? (5)

Answer 35

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 (all of them)

Question 36

which vertebrae does the ulnar nerve stem from? (2)

Answer 36

C8, T1

Question 37

which vertebrae does the axillary nerve stem from? (2)

Answer 37

C5, C6