History of Comprehensive Planning

Question 1

First regional plan in the U.S. (Daniel Burnham)

Focused on City Beautiful ideas, waterfront development, parks, and civic spaces.

Failed to address housing, poverty, and transportation efficiency.

Did not foresee the automobile

Answer 1

Chicago Plan (1909)

Question 2

First comprehensive plan.

Alfred Bettman and Ladislas Segoe

Focused on infrastructure projects and called for planning to be controlled by a citizen city planning commission.

Answer 2

Cincinnati Plan (1925)

Question 3

This plan focused on suburban development, highway construction, and suburban recreational facilities.

Stein and Mumford involved.

Answer 3

Regional Plan for New York and Environs (1922-1929)

Question 4

Federal legislation that required cities to develope comprehensive plans and provided funding for planning under Section 701.

Lead to plans that were only created for acquiring federal funds rather than truly providing good planning for communties.

Answer 4

U.S. Housing Act (1954)

Question 5

Part of larger trend in 1970s-80s in which comprehensive plans focused more on social items (equity, neighborhood preservation, affordable housing, the environment, historical preservation, transity, and commercial rehab.)

Answer 5

Second Regional Plan of New York and Environs (1970)