CARDIOLOGY -ECG BASICS

Question 1

Interpretation :
What does P waves indicate ?

Answer 1

Atrial depolarization

Question 2

Interpretation :
What does PR interval indicate ?

Answer 2

-Atrial depolarization
-Av nodal delay
-Spread of depolarization wave up to Av node

Question 3

Interpretation :
What does QRS complex indicate ?

Answer 3

Ventricular depolarisation

Question 4

Interpretation :
What does ST segment indicate ?

Answer 4

time during which the ventricles still contracting to empty the blood

Question 5

Interpretation :
What does T wave indicate ?

Answer 5

Ventricular repolarization

Question 6

Inferior region of the heart is recorded by which leads ?

Answer 6

Lead II ,Lead III , aVF

Question 7

Lateral region of the heart is recorded by which leads ?

Answer 7

Lead I , aVL , V5,V6

Question 8

Anterior region of the heart is recorded by which leads ?

Answer 8

V3 ,V4

Question 9

Septum of the heart is recorded by which leads ?

Answer 9

V1 ,V2

Question 10

Lead I consists of which limbs ?

Answer 10

Left Arm and Right Arm

Question 11

Lead II consists of which leads ?

Answer 11

Right Arm and Left Foot

Question 12

Lead III consists of which leads ?

Answer 12

Left Arm and Left Foot

Question 13

If there is changes in leads V3 and V4 , which artery is suspected to be occluded ?

Answer 13

Anterior wall :
Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery

Question 14

If there is changes in leads I ,aVL ,V5 and V4 , which artery is suspected to be occluded ?

Answer 14

Lateral wall :
Left Anterior Descending or Circumflex Coronary Artery

Question 15

If there is changes in leads II , III and aVF , which artery is suspected to be occluded ?

Answer 15

Right Coronary Artery

Question 16

In atrial fibrillation patient , what findings did you suspect ?

Answer 16

-no P waves
-variable R-R

Question 17

If there is findings of ST elevation ,what else can you suspect instead of MI ?

Answer 17

Pericarditis
Left ventricular hypertrophy ,benign early repolarization

Question 18

How to identify there is ST elevation?

Answer 18

compare J point to P-R segment

Question 19

If the patient have hyperkalaemia , what findings did you suspect ?

Answer 19

Moderate
- tall T waves

Severe
-tall T waves
-widened QRS
-P wave dissappeared

Question 20

If there is normal axis deviation , what findings did you suspect on the leads

Answer 20

Positive reflection on Lead I and Lead II

Question 21

If there is left axis deviation , what findings did you suspect on the leads

Answer 21

Positive reflection on Lead I and Negative reflection on Lead II

Question 22

If there is right axis deviation , what findings did you suspect on the leads

Answer 22

Negative reflection on Lead I , Positive or Negative reflection on Lead II