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HUBS1416 > TOPIC 6 & 7 Microbiology > Flashcards

TOPIC 6 & 7 Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

A single type of microbe grown on an agar plate is called a:

A

pure culture

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2
Q

A person is sick with what the nurse suspects is a viral illness. Culturing the virus from a sample taken from the infected person will be difficult because:

A

peptidoglycan

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3
Q

An enveloped virus consists of:

A

a nucleic acid, a capsid and an outer membrane

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4
Q

Anaerobic bacteria

A

reproduce in the absence of oxygen

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5
Q

Bacilli are what shape?

A

rod-shaped bacteria

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6
Q

What shape are coccus

A

circle

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7
Q

what shape are vibrios

A

long curve

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8
Q

what shape are spirllums

A

wave

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9
Q

shat shape are spirochette

A

zig zag

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10
Q

What is Diplo-

A

two of something

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11
Q

What is Staphly-

A

cluster

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12
Q

What is Strepto-

A

a line

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13
Q

Gram negative cells:

A

have an outer membrane

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14
Q

How does the flu drug Tamiflu work?

A

It inhibits viral neuraminidase, which means that newly formed viral particles cannot be released from host cells to infect new cells.

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15
Q

The Gram staining technique is used to help identify bacteria by exploiting what differences between Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria?

A

The thickness of the peptidoglycan cell wall.

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16
Q

The appearance of Gram-positive bacteria after the Gram stain is?

A

Purple

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17
Q

The appearance of Gram-negative bacteria after the Gram stain is?

A

Pink

18
Q

The smallest free living microorganisms are

A

bacteria

19
Q

The smallest microorganisms are:

A

viruses

19
Q

What is the difference between Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria that is exploited by the Gram staining technique?

A

The thickness of the peptidoglycan cell wall.

19
Q

What is the small ring of DNA, independent from the bacterium’s main genome, that can be taken in and expressed by another bacterium?

A

Plasmid

20
Q

What are the 6 different bacterial shapes

A

BCCSSV

Bacterias can come in several shape variations

Bacillus
Coccus
Coccobacillus
Sprillums
Spirochete
Vibrios

21
Q

Haemagglutins is the glycoprotein that differentiates the viruses ability to?

A

latch/bind to the host cell

22
Q

Neuraminidase are the enzymes that differentiates the viruses ability to?

A

leave the cell host

23
Q

What things provide optimal conditions for bacterial growth?

A

nutrients, correct pH, water

24
Q

A steam steriliser is an effective method of sterilisation because:

A

the use of pressure means water boils at a higher temperature

25
Q

An antimicrobial agent with a narrow spectrum of activity is a drug that has:

A

an effect against a relatively small number of microbes

26
Q

Botulism is usually acquired from:

A

ingestion of bacterial toxin in food that has been stored in anaerobic conditions

27
Q

Communicable diseases:

A

can be spread in aerosols

28
Q

Disease infection can be classified in four stages of progression. The initial clinical signs of disease are usually observed during:

A

the prodromal stage

29
Q

Diseases which are always present in a community are described as:

A

endemic

30
Q

Nosocomial infections are most likely to be due to:

A

Microbes which are resistant to many drugs

31
Q

Pathogens which enter the body via the respiratory route

A

may produce symptoms in other parts of the body

32
Q

Sterilisation is a term used to describe

A

the destruction or removal of all viable organisms

33
Q

The science of infectious epidemiology is concerned with the study of which of the following?

A

Disease occurrence and spread

34
Q

What is a disease vector?

A

An organism that transmits a disease

35
Q

Which method of microbial control can significantly reduce the risk of nosocomial infection?

A

Antiseptic hand washing

36
Q

Which of the following host-parasite relationships is associated with a healthy state?

A

Commensalism

37
Q

Which of the following is least likely to kill bacteria?

A

Freezing

38
Q

Why are nosocomial infections often difficult to treat?

A

many are caused by ‘hospital strains’ of bacteria with greater resistance to antibiotics.

39
Q
A

HUBS1416 (6 decks)

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