LAB EXAM II Flashcards
Name + OIA
Subclavius
- Origin: 1st rib
- Insertion: Middle of clavicle
- Action: Anchors/depresses clavicle at sternoclavicular joint
Name + OIA
Pectoralis minor
- Origin: Surface of ribs 3-5
- Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula
- Action: Moves scapula anteroinferiorly + stabilizes scapula
Name + OIA
Serratus anterior
- Origin: Ribs 1-9
- Insertion: Scapular borders
- Action: Moves scapula anteriolaterally + rotates scapula + and stabilizes scapula
Name + OIA
Trapezius
- Origin: External occipital protuberance + spinous processes of T1-T12
- Insertion: Clavicle and scapula
- Action: Moves the scapula and head
Name + OIA
Rhomboid major
- Origin: Spinous process of T2-T5
- Insertion: Medial border of scapula
- Action: Moves the scapula + rotates the glenoid cavity + supports scapula
SAME AS MINOR
Name + OIA
Rhomboid minor
- Origin: spinous processes of C7-T1
- Insertion: Scapular spine
- Action: Moves the scapula + rotates the glenoid cavity + supports scapula
SAME AS MAJOR
Name + OIA
Latissimus dorsi
- Origin:
- T1-T12 spinous processes
- posterior iliac crest
- inferior angle of scapula, ribs 9-12 - Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of humerus (between teres minor and major)
- Action: arm adduction and insertion
Name + OIA
Pectoralis major
- Origin: Clavicle, sternum, and rectus abdominis
- Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
- Action: Arm adduction
(or internal rotation of arm, flexion via clavicle, extension via sternocostal, and moves scapula via scapulothoracic joint)
Name + OIA
Deltoid
- Origin: (SACs) Scapular spine, acromion, and clavicle
- Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
- Action: Arm abduction + flexion + extension
Name + OIA
Subscapularis
- Origin: Subscapular fossa
- Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus
- Action: Internal rotation of arm + stabilizes the humerus’ head in glenoid cavity
Name + OIA
Supraspinatus
- Origin: Supraspinous fossa
- Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
- Action: Arm abduction + stabilization of humerus’ head in glenoid cavity
Name + OIA
Teres major
- Origin: Inferior angle of scapula
- Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
- Action: Arm extension + internal rotation of arm
(internal rotation in major vs external rotation in minor)
Name + OIA
Teres minor
- Origin: Lateral border of scapula
- Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
- Action: Arm adduction
(or arm external rotation + stabilizaes humerus’ head in glenoid cavity)
(external rotation in minor vs internal in major)
Name + OIA
Coracobrachialis
- Origin: Coracoid process of the scapula
- Insertion: Humeral shaft
- Action: Arm adduction
(flexion of arm at shoulder joint)
Name + OIA
Infraspinatus
- Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
- Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
- Action: Arm external rotation + stabilizes humeral head in glenoid cavity
Name + OIA
Biceps brachii
- Origin: Short head at coracoid process and long head at supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
- Insertion: radial tuberosity of radius
- Action: forearm flexion + forearm supination
(weak arm flexion at glenohumeral joint)
Name + OIA
Brachialis
- Origin: Anterior aspect of distal humerus
- Insertion: Coronoid process of ulna + ulnar tuberosity
- Action: Forearm flexion
Name + OIA
Brachioradialis
- Origin: Lateral supercondylar ridge of humerus
- Insertion: Styloid process of radius
- Action: Forearm flexion
Name + OIA
Triceps brachii
- Origin:
- long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
- medial/lateral head: posterior aspect of humerus - Insertion: Olecranon of ulna
- Action: Forearm extension
(arm extension at shoulder joint, or forearm extension at elbow joint)
Name + OIA
Anconeus
- Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
- Insertion: Lateral aspect of olecranon
- Action: Forearm extension + stabilization of elbow joint
Name + OIA
Pronator teres
- Origin:
- humeral head: supracondylar ridge of humerus
- ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna - Insertion: lateral aspect of radius (distal to supinator)
- Action: Forearm pronation + flexion
Name + OIA
Pronator quadratus
- Origin: anterior aspect of distal ulna
- Insertion: anterior aspect of distal radius
- Action: forearm pronation
Name + OIA
Supinator
- Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
- Insertion: lateral, posterior, and anterior aspects of proximal radius
- Action: forearm supination
Name + OIA
Flexor carpi radialis
- Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
- Insertion: metacarpal bones
- Action: wrist flexion + abduction
Name + OIA
Palmaris longus
1. Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
2. Insertion: palmar aponeurosis
3. Action: wrist flexion
Name + OIA
Flexor carpi ulnaris
1. Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
2. Insertion: carpal bones and metacarpal bone 5
3. Action: Wrist flexion + adduction
Name + OIA
Flexor digitorum superficialis
1. Origin:
- humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
- radial head: anterior aspect of proximal radius
2. Insertion: Palmar aspect of middle phalanges 2-5
3. Action: Finger flexion of phalanges 2-5
Name + OIA
Flexor pollicis longus
1. Origin: anterior aspect of radius
2. Insertion: palmar aspect of distal phalanx of thumb
3. Action: thumb flexion
Name + OIA
Flexor digitorum profundus
1. Origin: anterior aspect of proximal ulna
2. Insertion: palmar aspect of distal phalanges 2-5
3. Action: Finger flexion of digits 2-5
Name + OIA
Extensor carpi radialis longus
1. Origin: lateral supercondylar ridge of humerus
2. Insertion: posterior aspect of metacarpal bone
3. Action: hand extension + abduction
Name + OIA
Extensor digitorum
1. Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
2. Insertion: extensor expansions of digits 2-5
3. Action: finger extension of digits 2-5
Name + OIA
Extensor digiti minimi
1. Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
2. Insertion: extensor expansion of digit 5
3. Action: finger extension of digit 5
Name + OIA
Abductor pollicis brevis
1. Origin: Carpal bones
2. Insertion: Lateral aspect of proximal phalanx 1
3. Action: Thumb abduction
Name + OIA
Abductor pollicis longus
1. Origin: posterior aspect of proximal radius, ulna, and interossesous membrane
2. Insertion: metacarpal bone
3. Action: thumb extension + abduction
(or hand extension)
Name + OIA
Extensor pollicis brevis
1. Origin: posterior aspect of distal radius
2. Insertion: posterior aspect of phalanx 1
3. Action: thumb extension
Name + OIA
Extensor pollicis longus
1. Origin: posterior aspect of distal ulna
2. Insertion: posterior aspect of phalanx 1
3. Action: thumb extension
Name + OIA
Psoas major
- Origin:
- vertebral bodies of T12-L4
- intervertebral discs of T12-L4
- transverse process of L1-L5 - Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur
- Action: thigh flexion
(lateral rotation of thigh or lateral flexion of trunk)
Name + OIA
Iliacus
- Origin: iliac fossa
- Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
- Action: thigh flexion
(trunk flexion)
Name + OIA
Gluteus maximus
- Origin: posterior aspect of sacrum/coccyx
- Insertion: iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur
- Action: thigh abduction (superior part) & adduction (inferior part) + thigh extension
(thigh external rotation and adduction)
Name + OIA
Gluteus medius
- Origin: gluteal surface of ilium
- Insertion: lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur
- Action: thigh abduction + stabilization of pelvis
(thigh internal rotation)
(same origin and action as gluteus minimus)
Name + OIA
Gluteus minimus
- Origin: gluteal surface of ilium
- Insertion: anterior aspect of greater trochanter of femur
- Action: thigh abduction + stabilization of pelvis
(thigh internal rotation)
(same origin and action as gluteus medius)
Name + OIA
Tensor fascia latae
- Origin: anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
- Insertion: lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial tract
- Action:
- thigh abduction
- leg flexion and extension
(thigh internal rotation, leg external rotation, stabilization of knee and hip joints)
Name + OIA
Piriformis
- Origin: anterior aspect of sacrum and gluteal surface of ilium
- Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
- Action: thigh abduction
(thigh external rotation and stabilizes head of femur)
Name + OIA
Obturator internus
- Origin: posterior aspect of obturator foramen
- Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
- Action: thigh abduction
(external rotation and stabilization of hip joint)
same as externus
Name + OIA
Obturator externus
- Origin: anterior aspect of obturator foramen
- Insertion: trochanteric fossa of femur
- Action: thigh abduction
(external rotation and stabilization of hip joint)
same as internus
Name + OIA
Superior gemellus
- Origin: ischial spine
- Insertion: medial aspect of greater trochanter femur
- Action: thigh abduction
(thigh external rotation + stabilizes head of femur in acetabulum)
same as inferior gemellus
Name + OIA
Inferior gemellus
- Origin: ischial tuberosity
- Insertion: medial aspect of greater trochanter femur
- Action: thigh abduction
(thigh external rotation + stabilizes the head of femur in acetabulum)
same as superior gemellus
Name + OIA
Quadratus femoris
- Origin: ischial tuberosity
- Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of femur
- Action: thigh external rotation
stabilizes head of femur in acetabulum
Name + OIA
Adductor longus
- Origin: body of pubis
- Insertion: linea aspera of femur
- Action: thigh adduction + flexion
(thigh external rotation and pelvis stabilization)
all the adductor muscles are the same
Name + OIA
Adductor brevis
- Origin: body of pubis
- Insertion: linea aspera of femur
- Action: thigh adduction + flexion
(thigh external rotation and pelvis stabilization)
all the adductor muscles are the same
Name + OIA
Adductor magnus
- Origin:
- adductor part: inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus
- ischiocondylar part: ischial tuberosity - Insertion:
- adductor part: linea aspera of femur
- ischiocondylar part: tubercle of femur - Action: thigh adduction and flexion (adductor part) and thigh exension (hamstring part)
(thigh external and internal rotation + pelvis stabilization)
Name + OIA
Pectineus
- Origin: superior pubic ramus
- Insertion: pectineal line of femur + linea aspera of femur
- Action: thigh adduction + flexion
(thigh external/internal rotation + pelvis stabilization)
Name + OIA
Tibialis anterior
- Origin: lateral surface of tibia
- Insertion: medial aspect of tarsal and metatarsal bone
- Action: foot dorsiflexion and inversion
Name + OIA
Extensor hallucis longus
- Origin: medial surface of fibula
- Insertion: dorsal aspect of phalanx of great toe
- Action: toe extension
(dorsiflexion)
Name + OIA
Extensor digitorum longus
- Origin: medial surface of fibula and lateral tibial condyle
- Insertion: dorsal aspect of phalanges 2-5
- Action: toe extension 2-5
(foot dorsiflexion and eversion)
Name + OIA
Fibularis (peroneus) longus
- Origin: head of fibula
- Insertion: tarsal and metatarsal bone
- Action: foot plantar flexion
(foot eversion)
Name + OIA
Fibularis (peroneus) brevis
- Origin: lateral surface of fibula
- Insertion: metatarsal bone 5
- Action: foot plantar flexion
(foot eversion)
Name + OIA
Gastrocnemius
- Origin:
- lateral head: posterior aspect of lateral femoral condyle
- medial head: posterior aspect of medial femoral condyle - Insertion: posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
- Action: foot plantar flexion + leg flexion
Name + OIA
Soleus
- Origin: soleal line and posterior aspect of proximal fibula
- Insertion: posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
- Action: foot plantar flexion
Name + OIA
Tibialis posterior
- Origin: posterior aspect of tibia and fibula
- Insertion: medial-plantar aspect of tarsal and metatarsal bones
- Action: foot plantar flexion
(foot inversion)
Name + OIA
Popliteus
- Origin: lateral condyle of femur
- Insertion: posterior surface of proximal tibia
- Action: unlocks knee joint + knee joint stabilization
Name + OIA
Flexor digitorum longus
- Origin: posterior aspect of tibia
- Insertion: plantar aspect of digits 2-5
- Action: toe flexion
(foot plantar flexion and foot inversion)
Name + OIA
Flexor hallucis longus
- Origin: posterior surface of fibula
- Insertion: plantar aspect of phalanx of big toe
- Action: big toe flexion
(plantar flexion and foot inversion)
Name + OIA
Gracilis
- Origin: body of pubis
- Insertion: medial surface of tibia
- Action: thigh flexion + adduction
(leg flexion and internal rotation)
Name + OIA
Rectus femoris
- Origin: anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
- Insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
- Action: thigh flexion and leg extension
Name + OIA
Vastus lateralis
- Origin: greater trochanter of femur
- Insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
- Action: leg extension
Name + OIA
Vastus intermedius
- Origin: anterior aspect of femoral shaft
- Insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
- Action: leg extension
Name + OIA
Vastus medialis
- Origin: Intertrochanteric line of femur
- Insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
- Action: leg extension
Name + OIA
Sartorius
- Origin: anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
- Insertion: proximal end of tibia
- Action: thigh flexion + abduction or leg flexion
(thigh external rotation or leg internal rotation)
Name + OIA
Biceps femoris
- Origin:
- long head: ischial tuberosity
- short head: linea aspera of femur - Insertion: head of fibula
- Action: thigh extension and leg flexion
(thigh external rotation + leg external rotation)
Name + OIA
Semitendinosus
- Origin: ischial tuberosity
- Insertion: proximal end of medial condyle of tibia
- Action: thigh extension + leg flexion
(thigh internal rotation and leg internal rotation)
Name + OIA
Semimembranosus
- Origin: ischial tuberosity
- Insertion: medial condyle of tibia
- Action: leg flexion
(internal rotation of leg and stabilizes pelvis)
Name
Occipitofrontalis
Name
Corrugator supercilii
Name
Nasalis
Name
Levator labii superioris
Name
Depressor labii inferioris
Name
Depressor angulus oris
Name
Zygomaticus major
Name
Orbicularis oris
Name
Orbicularis oculi
Name
Buccinator
Name
Risorius
Name
Mentalis
Name
Superior rectus
Name
Inferior rectus
Name
Lateral rectus
Name
Medial rectus
Name
Inferior oblique
Name
Superior oblique
Name
Levator palpabrae superioris
Name
Masseter
Name
Temporalis
Name
Lateral pterygoid
Name
Medial pterygoid
Name
Sternocleidomastoid
Name
Semispinalis capitis
Name
Splenius capitis
Name
Longissimus capitis
Name
External oblique
Name
Linea albea
Name
Rectus abdominis
Name
Transverse abdominis
Name
Internal oblique
Name
Quadratus lumborum
Name
Central sulcus
Name
Postcentral gyrus
Name
Precentral gyrus
Name
Parieto-occipital sulcus
Name
Lateral sulcus
Name
Corpus callosum
Name
Longitudinal fissure
Name (gray matter only)
Cerebral cortex
Name the cortex located here within the precentral gyrus
Primary motor cortex
Name the cortex located here within the post-central gyrus
Primary somatosensory cortex
Name
Cingulate gyrus
Name
Primary visual cortex
Name
Midbrain
Name
Tectum
Name
Tegmentum
Name
Inferior colliculus
Name
Superior colliculus
Name
Pons
Name
Medulla
Name
Thalamus
Name
Hypothalamus
Name
Frontal lobe
Name
Parietal lobe
Name
Temporal lobe
Name
Occipital lobe
Name
Insula lobe
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven
Name
Olfactory nerve (CNI)
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven
Name
Optic nerve (CNII)
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven
Name
Oculomotor nerve (CNIII)
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven
Name
Trochlear nerve (CNIV)
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven
Name
Trigeminal nerve (CNV)
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven
Name
Abducens nerve (CNVI)
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven
Name
Facial nerve (CNVII)
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven
Name
Vestibulocochlear nerve (CNVIII)
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven
Name
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CNIX)
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven
Name
Vagus nerve (CNX)
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven
Name
Accessory nerve (CNXI)
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven
Name
Hypoglossal nerve (CNXII)
Name
Posterior horns of the spinal cord
Name
Anterior horns of the spinal cord
Name
Posterior and anterior roots of the spinal cord
Name
Dorsal root ganglia (DRG)
Name
Central canal
Name all the “tracts”
Funiculi
Name
Filum terminale
Name
Conus medularis
Name
Brachial plexus
Name
Lumbar plexus
Name
Choroid plexus of the third ventricle
Name
Lateral ventricles (left and right)
Name
Cerebral aqueduct
Name
Third ventricle
Name
Fourth ventricle
Name
Superior sagittal dural sinus
Name
Straight dural sinus
Name
Pineal gland
Name
Fornix
Name
Cauda equina
Name
Axillary nerve of the brachial plexus
Name
Musculocutaneous nerve of the brachial plexus
Name
Radial nerve of the brachial plexus
Name
Medial nerve of the brachial plexus
Name
Ulnar nerve of the brachial plexus
Name
Femoral nerve of the lumbosacral plexus
Name
Sciatic nerve of the lumbosacral plexus
Name
Tibial nerve of the lumbosacral plexus
Name
Fibular nerve of the lumbosacral plexus
Name
Dura mater
Name
Arachnoid mater
Name
Pia mater
Name
Subarachnoid space
Name
Epidural space
Name
Palpebral conjuctiva
Name
Lacrimal gland
Name
Cornea
Name
Sclera
Name
Choroid
Name
Retina
Name
Fovea centralis
Name
Optic nerve
Name
Virtreous chamber (humor)
Name
Suspensory ligaments
Name
Lens
Name
Iris
Name
Pupil
Name
Ciliary body
Name
Optic disc
Name
Tunica fibrosa
Name the red tunic layer
Tunica vasculosa
Name
Tunica interna
Identify the circumvallate papillae
Circumvallate papillae
Identify the foliate papillae or the lateral edges
Foliate papillae
Identify the fungiform papillae
Fungiform papillae
Identify the external auditory canal or ear canal
Ear canal
Identify the tympanic membrane
Tympanic membrane
Identify the tympanic cavity
Tympanic cavity
Identify the malleus
Malleus
Identify the incus
Incus
Identify the stapes
Stapes
Name
Basilar membrane
Name
Cochlear duct
Name the space between the scala vestibuli and scala tympani
Spiral organ (Organ of Corti)
Name
Scala tympani
Name
Scala vestibuli
