Muscles around the Shoulder Girdle

Question 1

how many muscles cross the the surfaces (anterior + posterior) of the scapula?

Answer 1

6

Question 2

Name all 6 muscles that cross the surfaces of the scapula

HINT: T, Ls, Rm, RM, Sa, Pm

Answer 2

• trapezius
• levator scapulae
• rhomboid minor + major
• serrates anterior
• pectoralis minor

Question 3

what movements do the 6 muscles crossing the surfaces of the scapula allow you do do?

Answer 3

• elevation
• depression
• protraction
• retraction
• rotation of the scapula

Question 4

Name the three triangular portions of the Trapezius (most superficial muscle on the back)

Answer 4

• Upper
• Middle
• Lower

Question 5

what muscle lies deep to the upper fibres of the trapezius?

Answer 5

Levator Scapula

Question 6

Which muscles lie deep to the middle fibres of the trapezius?

Answer 6

Rhomboid minor and major

Question 7

what do Rhomboid minor and major do?

Answer 7

work as one to pull the scapula back in retraction

Question 8

describe the shape and location of Serratus anterior (muscle)

Answer 8

• saw-toothed shape
• origin along the ribs
• lies deep to the scapula

Question 9

what are the two main roles of Serratus anterior?

Answer 9

• produces protraction (increased the forward reach of the arm)
• supports abduction of the humerus (upper fibres) and lateral rotation of humerus

Question 10

Where is Pectoralis Minor located?

Answer 10

• Deep to Pectorals Major
• Origins on the 3rd, 4th and 5th ribs (upward direction towards to coracoid process of the scapula)

Question 11

what does Pectoralis Minor have a role in?

Answer 11

respiration

Question 12

Describe the main components and function of the Rotator Cuff

Answer 12

• 4 deep shoulder muscles
• Form a circle of tendons around the shoulder joint like a cuff on a shirtsleeve
• Strengthen and stabilise the shallow shoulder joint
• Acts to join the scapula to the humerus

Question 13

Name the 4 muscles that make up the Rotator Cuff

Answer 13

• Supra spinatus
• Infra spinatus
• Teres minor
• Sub scapularis

Question 14

Name the muscles that enable Retraction

Answer 14

• Rhomboid major/minor
• Trapezius

Question 15

Name the muscles that enable Protraction

Answer 15

• Serratus anterior
• Pectoralis minor

Question 16

Name the muscles that enable Elevation

Answer 16

• Trapezius (upper)
• Levator scapulae

Question 17

Name the muscles that enable Depression

Answer 17

• Pectoralis minor
• Trapezius (lower)

Question 18

Name the muscles that enable Lateral rotation

Answer 18

• Trapezius
• Serratus anterior

Question 19

Name the muscles that enable Medial rotation

Answer 19

• Rhomboid major / minor
• Levator scapulae
• Pectoralis minor

Question 20

Describe the role of the Deltoid muscle

Answer 20

• powerful abductor of the arm
• controls the movement of adduction
• supports movement of the humerus
• role in supporting the upper limb under load

Question 21

Describe the type of movements that Pectoralis Major enable

Answer 21

• reaching forward
• reaching up
• pulling down
• most ball sports
• moving arm across the midline

Question 22

Describe the shape of Pectoralis Major
Where is it located?

Answer 22

• large triangular muscle
• covers much of the superior surface of the chest

Question 23

what has a large origin in the lower back/thorax and wraps around the trunk to form the posterior wall of the axilla (armpit)?

Answer 23

Latissimus Dorsi

Question 24

what type of movement can Latissimus Dorsi undergo?

Answer 24

• extension
• adduction
• medial rotation

Question 25

In what kind of activities is Latissimus Dorsi activated?

Answer 25

• using crutches
• climbing
• typing apron behind the back
• pulling down a blind

Question 26

what Muscles in the upper limb/shoulder work together to support adduction, reverse hyperextension and have a role in arm swing while walking?

Answer 26

Teres Major
and
Coracobracialis