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Monday 1155 Lecture > Week 1 Lab > Flashcards

Week 1 Lab Flashcards

1
Q

Which type of Precautions would be used for the following. Tuberculosis, Varicella, Rubeola (Measles)

A

Airborne Precautions

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2
Q

Which type of Precautions would be used for the following. Multidrug-resistant Organism (MDRO) & MRSA

A

Contact Precautions

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3
Q

types of infectious agents: Bacteria, Fungi, Prions, Viruses and ____

A

Parasites

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4
Q

Portals of Exit (Ways in which infectious agents leave the reservior) Blood, Secretions, Excretions, and

A

Skin

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5
Q

Reservior of Infections are….

A

Where the virulent organsims live

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6
Q

Modes of Transmission of infectious agents can be direct or indirect. Give examples of both

A

Direct:
Person-to-person contact.

Droplet spread. The spray of droplets during coughing and sneezing can spread an infectious disease.

Indirect:

Airborne transmission.

Fomites (Contaminated objects)

Food and drinking Water

Animal-to-person

Animal reservoirs

Insect bites (vector-borne disease)

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7
Q

Immune deficiency, Diabetes, Burns, Surgery, Age make which kind of host for a pathogen

A

Susceptible

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8
Q

Explain the difference between Droplet and Airborn Transmission, including size

A

Droplet comes in direct contact from one person to another with Bodily Fluid. Greater than 5 Microns

Airborn are tiny particles suspended in the air and are less than 5 Microns

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9
Q

3 lines of defense against pathogens

  1. Protective Barrier. (Give examples)
  2. Innate immune system: Natural Killer cells, Macrophages; Including Neutrophils
  3. Adaptive immune system: (Give Examples)
A
  1. Stomach Acid, skin & Mucous Membranes
  2. Antibodies, B-cells, T-cells
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10
Q

________: When a person gets an infection caused by a pathogen that is already colonizing a part of their body (e.g., S. aureus in their nose).

_______: When a person gets an infection from a germ that recently spread to them from another person or from a shared contaminated surface.

A

Endogenous / Exogenous

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11
Q

6 parts of the Chain of Infection

A

Infectious Agents, Reseviors, Portals of Exit, Modes of Transmisson, Portals of Entry, Susceptible Host.

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12
Q

In Rainy Paris, My Pretty Sunflowers Bloom”Mnemonic for Chain of infection.

A

Infectious Agents, Reseviors, Portals of Exit, Modes of Transmisson, Portals of Entry, Susceptible Host

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13
Q

Surgical Sepsis aka, used for

A

Sterile Technique, Dressing Changes, Catheterizations, Surgical Procedures, Injectable Medication

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14
Q

4 stages of an infection

  1. Prodromal- non descript, slight fever genral malaise
  2. Acute Illness- Disease Manifest and becomes Sever
  3. Decline: Manifestaciones begin to wane as the disease decreases
  4. _____Client returns to normal or New Normal
A

Convalescence- Client returns to normal or New Normal

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15
Q

HAI Healthcare Associated Infections. VAPs

A

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia

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16
Q

What is the mnemonic for Chain of infection?

A

In Rainy Paris, My Pretty Sunflowers Bloom”

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17
Q

Medical Asepsis aka (what is it used for)

A

Clean technique: Medications, Enemas, Tube Feedings, Daily Hygine

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18
Q

having an internal cause or origin.
“the expected rate of infection is _______ to the system”

A

endogenous

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19
Q

induced in a patient by the treatment or comments of a physician.

A

Iatrogenic

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20
Q

HAI Healthcare Associated Infections. CAUTIs

A

Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection

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21
Q

HAI Healthcare Associated Infections. SSI

A

Surgical Site Infection

22
Q

List ways to prevent healthcare associated infections.

A

Hand Hygiene
Personalg
Isolation Precautions
Aseptic Techniques
Safe Injection Practices
Proper Handling of Contaminated Materials
Vaccination
Antibiotic Stewardship
Patient and Family Education
Surveillance and Reporting
Staff Education and Training
Collaboration and Communication

23
Q

HAI Healthcare Associated Infections CLABSIs

A

Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infection

24
Q

______ allow your body to create a defense against future invaders.

________ circulate in your body once created to identify, attack, and destroy the same type of antigens if they enter the body again

A

Antigens / Antibodies

25
Q

______ regularly occurring within an area or community

A

Endemic

26
Q

Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding anthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas.

A

Vector

27
Q

the severity or harmfulness of a disease or poison.

A

Virulence

28
Q

________ also referred to as healthcare-associated infections (HAI), are infection(s) acquired during the process of receiving health care that was not present during the time of admission.

A

Nosocomial infections

29
Q

If a pathogen makes it past the Skin Barrier then past the normal flora inc. Stomach, which are the 2 types of responses that occur in the body?

A

Inflammatory 1st
Immune 2nd

30
Q

Exudate comes in 3 varities describe
Serous, Sanguineous, Purulent

A

Serous (clear), Sanguineous (RBC), Purulent (Pus)

31
Q

Which type of Precautions would be used for the following.

Rubella (German Measles), Diphtheria, Adenovirus

A

Droplet precautions

32
Q

Does the Medical Asepsis technique kill all pathogens? How about Sterile asepsis

A

Medical No, spores survive. Surgical yes all pathogens are killed

33
Q

Pruritus

A

Itching

34
Q

Rhinitis

A

Stuffy nose

35
Q

3 varying levels of reaction to latex:

  1. Irritant Contact dermatitis, Not really an Allergy at all. True or False
  2. Allergic Contact Dermatitis: Type IV sensitivity, localized Pruritus (Itching), Erythema (reddness/ Rash), urticarial lesions always immediately after Contact. True or False
  3. True laxet allergy: type 1 hypersensitivity. Immediate systemic response that results in anaphylaxis. True or False
A
  1. True, 2. False can be immediately or after hours or days
  2. TRUE
36
Q

Procedures that involve insertion of a urinary catheter, sterile dressing cjanges, preparing an injectable medication are examples of which type of asepsis technique?

A

Surgical

37
Q

______ organisms are either purple or blue in color, while ____ organisms are either pink or red in color.

A

Gram-positive / gram-negative

38
Q

Antigen / Antibody reaction is know as this type of immunity

A

Humoral

39
Q

Disinfection kills all pathogenic orgs except

A

Spores

40
Q

4 catagories that are responsible for a majority of HAIs

A

Catheter- Associated UTI (CAUTI)
Surgical Site Infection (SSI)
Central line-associated bloodstream Infection (CLABI)
Ventilator-associated Infection (VAI)

41
Q

Afebrile

A

Not feverish

42
Q

Sterilization kills all organisms including spores True or False

A

True

43
Q

Cillia and stomach acid are which line of defense

A

1st

44
Q

Colonization of bacteria means…

A

Bacteria are present but no infection

45
Q

The “Decline” in an infection means
..

A

The virus is declining

The patient is getting better

46
Q

HAI (HEALTHCARE ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS)

It is considered an HAI if someone develops an infection at home within 30 days of being in the hospital

True or False

A

True

47
Q

Low this vitamin is associated with low immunity

A

D

48
Q

C diff

Hand hygine (Soap & H²O or Alcohol Gel)

Type of Precautions

A

Soap & H²0

Contact: Gown & Gloves

49
Q

Change gloves from Dirty Task to Clean Task

Exp.

From moving a bed then emptying a catheter

Should gloves be changed?

A

No, because it is from clean to dirty

50
Q

Who are standard precautions used for? When

A

Everybody

51
Q

Hand Hygiene:
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Respiratory Hygiene/Cough Etiquette:
Safe Injection Practices:
Environmental Cleaning:

A

Standard Precautions

52
Q

Which type of Precautions is a negative pressure room

A

Airborne

Monday 1155 Lecture (8 decks)

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