Lesson 2- Bacterial Cells.

Question 1

Name the 7 processes of life.

Answer 1

M- Movement.
R- Respiration.
S- Sensitivity.
G- Growth.
R- Reproduction.
E- Excretion.
N- Nutrition.

Question 2

What is the size of bacteria?

Answer 2

1um.

Question 3

Name examples of prokaryotes.

Answer 3

1) Streptococcus- sore throat.
2) Streptomyces- found in soil. Antibiotics derived from it.
3) Pneumococcal- pneumonia.
4) E. Coli (Escherichia Coli)- food poisoning.

Question 4

Define the flagella.

Answer 4

Tail-like structures that allow the cell to move through liquids.

Question 5

Define what the pilli are.

Answer 5

Tiny hairlike structures that enable the cell to attach to structures, such as the cells that line your digestive tract. Pilli are also used to transfer genetic material between bacteria.

Question 6

Define what slime capsules are.

Answer 6

This layer is outside the cell wall. It protects a bacterium from drying out and from poisonous substances. It also helps the bacteria to stick to smooth surfaces.

Question 7

Define what plasmids are.

Answer 7

A circular piece of DNA which is not critical to the bacterium’s survival, but can be useful.

Question 8

Describe the cell wall of a bacterium.

Answer 8

The cell wall is made of peptidoglycan which holds the cell together and protects it.

Question 9

Describe the genetic material of a bacterium.

Answer 9

It floats freely in the cytoplasm- there is one long strand of DNA, called the bacterial chromosome.
This is normally circular.