Lab 4 - Blood and Bone Marrow

Question 1

what type of cell will have two large nuclear lobes and specific granules with crystalline inclusions in TEM

Answer 1

eosinophils

Question 2

what type of cell have central nucleolous, eccentric nucleus, and chunks of heterochromatin in TEM

Answer 2

plasma cell

Question 3

what type of cell will have a strap like nucleus and many rod like specific granules in TEM

Answer 3

neutrophils

Question 4

what type of cell will show an indented nucleus and no specific granules in TEM

Answer 4

monocyte

Question 5

what type of cell will have a bilobed nucleus, specific granules that obscure the cytoplasm in LM, large electron dense specific granules in TEM

Answer 5

basophils

Question 6

what is present in a TEM of a platelet to indicate its not activated

Answer 6

intact microtubules and numerous granules present

Question 7

what does the blood “ECM” consist of

Answer 7

ground substane (plasma) with the fibre component as virtual or potential fibers; the soluble protein fibrinogen will form insoluble strands of fibrin when blood clots

Question 8

what type of staining is used for blood and bone marrow

Answer 8

wrights staining

Question 9

what steps do blood smears not have compared to tissues

Answer 9

not embedding and sectioning, so instead the cells are flattened onto the glass slide and are otherwise whole

Question 10

what can you use to determine the intensity of staining to ensure you are identifying cells properly

Answer 10

look at the intensity and shade of the RBCs before looking for things like eosinophils to orient yourself with the specific visualization of that specific smear

Question 11

what are the precursors for all blood cells and immune cells and where is it found

Answer 11

stem cells in the bone marrow

Question 12

where do you find myeloid (blood cell forming tissue)

Answer 12

it fills the marrow cavities of long bones in fetuses and young animals

Question 13

how can bone marrow be evaluated

Answer 13

either using aspirates of bone marrow to make a cytosmear and stained with wrights

or in FFPE sections with H+E

Question 14

what type of cells are band cells a precursor for and when would you see them increased in blood

Answer 14

neutrophils - would see them circulating more if the animal is mounting an inflammatory response to damage or infection

Question 15

what is the difference between a reticular cell vs a reticulocyte

Answer 15

reticular cell = fibroblast found in lympoid reticular tissue

reticulocyte = immature erythrocyte

Question 16

how will you be able to tell the difference between eosinophilic granulocyte series cells and erythrocytic series cells at a low magnification

Answer 16

eosinophilic granulocyte series cells = obvious eosinophilic specific granules and lobed nucleus

erythrocytic series = smaller, have compacted basophilic nuclei and small amounts of cytoplasm

Question 17

what type of cells are common in the loose CT underlying GIT epithelia

Answer 17

lymphocytes and plasma cells

Question 18

what cell type will you never find circulating in normal blood

Answer 18

plasma cells (derived from B lymphocytes)

Question 19

what are mast cells similar to and what is their function

Answer 19

they are CT cells very similar to blood basophils and then have a common stem cell in bone marrow

involved in inflammatory and immune responses especially those related to allerges

Question 20

what is the most common cause of skin cancers of dogs

Answer 20

mast cells prone to neoplasia

Question 21

what is metachromasia

Answer 21

colour shift when certain basic dyes like toluidine blue attach to molecules in close ordered arrays

Question 22

what part of mast cells are metachromatic

Answer 22

specific granules of the mast cells

Question 23

what can be injected into animal for better identification of macrophages and how does it work

Answer 23

colloidal iron - enters tissue in resonse to irritant