P2: Energy Flashcards
Energy security
means having a reliable, uninterrupted and affordable supply of energy.
Depends on size available, population and typical usage.
Energy surplus - produce more than you need.
Energy deficit - having less energy than required.
Uneven distribution of Global Energy
Iran, Saudi Arabia - oil
China, Australia - Coal
UK, Russia - Oil and Gas.
Ireland - few resources to exploit
Sudan - politically unstable.
Uneven Distribution of Global Energy Consumption
Wealthy countries use a lot more energy than poorer countries due to more appliance and access.
Global Demand increasing
Rising Population - more people need more energy
Economic Development - people have more appliances which require more energy
Technological advances - new devices need more energy
Factors affecting energy supply
Technological - able to exploit new resource due to advancements in tech. Easier. Some countries can not afford tech.
Physical - some places have inaccessible resources. non-renewable supplies will run out. natural disasters destroy infrastructure.
Economic - non-renewable s harder to reach and more costly to extract. prices are volatile and can change. LIC’s don’t have potential to exploit them.Expensive
Political - political instability can lead to lower exports. International agreements are there to help with climate change. concerns over safety of nuclear.
Impacts of Energy Insecurity
Industrial Output -Less energy allows less to be produced by factories
Environmental and Economic costs - As reserves are used up areas that are less accessible have to be exploited increasing the costs.
Food Production - can limit how much machinery can be used.
Potential for Conflict - political instability when demand exceeds supply.
Renewable energy names
Solar
Hydroelectric
Geothermal
Tidal
Wave
Wind
Biomass
Non- renewable energy will run out eventually
The reserves will run out eventually, unless we develop technology to find more reserves we will not be able to use non-renewable.
Advantages and Disadvantages of extracting fossil fuels.
Adv :
- Lots of Shale gas is available
- Increases the Uk energy security
- Fracking is cheaper than some renewables
Disadv :
- Not sustainable and produce CO2
- Pollutes groundwater and uses a lot of water.
- causes small earthquakes
Sustainable Energy
Sustainable energy means future generations can meet energy demands without energy supplies running out and meeting the increasing population.
Carbon Footprint
This a measure of the amount of energy we use to do our tasks. This includes the greenhouse gases that we produce.
Direct emissions are from things we use energy from
Indirect emissions are from things we buy
Energy Conservation methods
Sustainable design - Insulation, modern boilers, Solar Panels, Electric cars, Biofuels.
Demand reduction - Demand can be reduced by government giving incentives. Improving public transport. smart energy meters.
Technology to increase efficiency - Energy saving light bulbs, Hybrid cars, Regenerative braking - the energy used in cars braking can be used for other things,
