12A - Solubility Flashcards
Def: Define the following terms:
1. Solutions
2. Colloids
3. Solute
4. Solvent
5. Solubility
Solution: A uniform homogenous mixture where solute is present as individual atoms, ions, molecules
Colloids: Multiphase, hetero mixture, where solute is present as macromolecules or small molecule aggregates
Solute: Least amount of component in solution of the substances in solution
Solvent: The opposite of solute
Solubility: Maximum amount of solute that dissolves in a fixed quantity of solvent at a given temp
Theory: Which of the following are solutions?
1) 14 carat gold comprised of solid copper and gold
2) Air
3) Salt-water
4) Seltzer Water containing CO2 gas
All are.
Def: Define miscible and immiscible fluids.
Miscible: Dissolve in all proportions
Immiscible: Do not mix, form layers
Def: Define saturated vs unsaturated solution?
Sat: No more solute is capable of dissolving
Unsat: More solute is capable of dissolving
Def: What is supersaturated solution, and how is it formed? Comment on stability.
More solute than max solubility, causing solid to spontaneously precipitate out (usually as crystals).
Formed by heating a saturated soln, adding more solute, and then cooling it down.
Unstable
Theory: What will solubility increase with for solids?
Temperature.
Def: What is recrystallization? Why does it work?
Purification technique where saturated soln is slowly cooled to form pure crystals of solute.
Works because solubility goes down with lower temps, and the impurities, being unsaturated, will not crystallize.
Theory: what will solubility increase with for gases?
Increase with lower temperatures.
Def: What does it mean to conentrate or dilute something?
Increase or decrease a solution concentration by keeping volume constant and changing amount of mols
