Final: Anxiolytics And Hypnotic Agents

Question 1

Diazepam (Benzodiazepine)

Answer 1

Management of anxiety, seizures, muscle spasms, not used for schizophrenia

Antidote: Flumazenil

Adverse effects: Mild drowsiness, depression, lethargy, apathy, fatigue, restlessness, bradycardia, tachycardia, constipation, diarrhea, incontinence, urinary retention, changes in libido, drug dependence with withdrawal syndrome

Question 2

Phenobarbital (Barbituate)

Answer 2

Sedation, short-term treatment of insomnia. Long-term treatment of tonic-clonic seizures and cortical focal seizures

Adverse effects: CNS depression, GI, CV, severe hypoventilation, hypersensitivity reactions, lethargy, hypotension, spasm of larynx

Drug-drug: Increased CNS depression

Considerations: hepatic disease, pregnancy, respiratory distress (NOT anemia)