Lec 10 - HIV Flashcards
what is a lentivirus
chronic and deadly diseases characterized by long incubation periods
how did HIV-1
immunodeficiency virus from chimpanzees and gorillas
at some point jumped the species barrier
so is zoonotic virus
what is HIV-2
restricted to west africa
- slightly more benign than 1
- could still progress to aids
less transmiss
slower progress
HIV 2 binds less efficiently than HIV 1 with the receptor molecule CD4 on the cell surface.
why HIV cant be completely sterilised
both 1 and 2 embed their genome into the host genome as a provirus
what 2 diseases became common in the 1980s
Kaposi’s sarcoma
Pneumocystis pneumonia
why were haemophilliacs starting to get similar diseases in the 1980s
these were people getting regular blood transfusions to aid blood clotting = connection was made that it may be blood borne
where in the world do most live with HIV
eastern and southern africa
name the immunodominant glycoprotein that studs the virus
gp120
what is the receptor cell that gp120 binds to
CD4 cell
what protein is the capsid made from
p24 protein
what allows the p24 capsid protein to be stbailised
thousands of water molecules
how many open reading frames does hiv 1 have
9
why might alternative RNA splicing be needed in HIV1
needed to liberate the overlapping reading frames to be expressed
3 key polyproteins in HIV1
gag
pol
env
which 2 polyproteins overlap
gag and pol
(will either produce gag on its own OR gag and pol together,
never pol on its own)