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Botany > Ch. 15 Protists > Flashcards

Ch. 15 Protists Flashcards

1
Q

Heteroknots

A

group of flagellated, mostly algae/diatom species

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2
Q

Photoplankton (phytoplankton)

A

photosynthetic algae+cyanobacteria found near the surface of the ocean

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3
Q

Zooplankton

A

microscopic animals that swim or drift near the ocean surface, feed on phytoplankton

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4
Q

Euglenoids

A

biflagellate, mvmt towards flagellum, contain chloroplasts, 1/3 photosynthetic
Storage: paramylon
Pigments: a, b, carotenoids

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5
Q

Pellicle

A

protein strips in spiral surrounding cell (beneath membrane)

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6
Q

Eyespot (stigma)

A

(protists) detect light for optimal photosynthesis, move towards light

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7
Q

Phylum Cryptophyta (cryptomonads)

A

cold water, 4 membranes surrounding chloroplast w/ nucleomorph
Pigments: phycobilins

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8
Q

Phylum Haptophyta:

A

Haptophytes
marine phytoplankton; have haptonema and coccoliths
Pigments: fucoxanthin

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9
Q

Haptonema

A

Extension protruding from coccolithophores that may have to do with feeding or protection.

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10
Q

Coccoliths

A

calcium carbonate button like structures on members of phylum haptophyta

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11
Q

Dinoflagellates

A

plant-like protist that causes red tide and bioluminescence
biflagellate (spin like top), contain theca
Symbiote in zooxanthellae in coral
Storage: starch
Pigments: a, b, carotenoid peridinin

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12
Q

Class Bacillariophyceae:

A

frustules like petri dish; 2 types centric (radially sym) and pennate (bi-lateral sym), make up diatomaceous earth
Storage: chrysolaminarin
Pigments: a, b, carotenoids, fucoxanthin

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13
Q

Class Chyrsophyceae: Golden Algae

A

freshwater photosynthetic organisms
Storage: chrysolaminarin
Pigments: fucoxanthin

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14
Q

Class Xanthophyceae (yellow-green algae)

A

fresh water, non motile, cell walls have cellulose
Storage: oil
Pigments: a, c

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15
Q

Class Phaeophyceae (brown algae)

A

big kelps! cold marine shores, contain holdfast, stipe, blade, floats, source of algin
Storage: laminarin, mannitol
Pigments: a, c, fucoxanthin

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16
Q

Phylum Rhodophyta: Red Algae

A

tropical marine seaweeds, nori
cell walls contain agar and carrageenans, can store CaCO3
Storage: floridean starch
Pigments: phycobilin

17
Q

Phylum Chlorophyta: Green Algae

A

mostly freshwater, unicellular or multicellular colonial sheets or spheres
most closely related to plants
Storage: starch
Pigments: chlorophyll a+b

18
Q

Green Algae: Class

A

Chlorophyceae
mitotic spindle replaced by microtubules of phycoplast (microtubule part of cytokinesis)
Contains: Chlamydomonas, volvox, hydrodictyon

19
Q

Green Algae: Class Ulvophyceae

A

spindle persists during mitosis
Contains: ulva, codium

20
Q

Green Algae: Class Charophyceae

A

persistent spindle but forms phragmoplast (microtubule scaffold for late cytokinesis); closest related to plants
Contains: spirogyra, desmids, coleochaetes, chara

21
Q

Chlamydomonas
(Chlorophyceae)

A

freshwater, unicellular, motile, contains eyespot, nucleus, 2 flagella, large crescent chloroplast w/ pyrenoid

22
Q

Volvox

A

(Chlorophyceae)
motile, fresh water hollow sphere colony with daughter colonies; each cell is biflagellate, like Chlamydomonas

23
Q

Hydrodictyon

A

(cholophyceae)
AKA water net, hollow cylinders with reticulate chloroplasts

24
Q

Ulva (sea lettuce)

A

(Ulvophyceae)
nonmotile, multicellular flat thallus w/ modified ‘holdfast’

25
Q

Codium

A

(Ulvophyceae)
rope-like branched filaments

26
Q

Spirogyra

A

(Charohyceae)
colonial filaments; spiraling chloroplast with pyrenoids, nucleus and cellulose cell walls

27
Q

Desmids

A

(Chlorophyta)
fresh water, 2 sections each form crazy shapes

28
Q

Coleochaetes

A

(Charophyceae)
disc shaped multicellular with plasmodesmata

29
Q

Chara

A

(Charophyceae)
fresh water, apical growth thallus with nodes and whorls of branches

30
Q

Oomycota (oomycetes)

A

Either “water molds” growing as mass of filaments (aka saprolgenia) or terrestrial plan pathogens (potato blight)

31
Q

Saprolegnia

A

Water Molds: not a fungus but looks and behaves like one

32
Q

Myxomycota (plasmodial slime molds)

A

exists in two forms:
Plasmodium (favorable) and sporangia (unfavorable)

33
Q

Plasmodium

A

(favorable conditions form of plasmodial slime molds) multinucleate mass of protoplasm

34
Q

Sporangia

A

(unfavorable conditions form of plasmodial slime molds)
produce spores

35
Q

Dictyosteliomycota (cellular slime molds)

A

exists in two forms:
myxamoebas (favorable) and pseudoplasmodium (unfavorable)

36
Q

Myxamoebas

A

An independent, unicellular, haploid life stage of cellular slime molds.

37
Q

pseudoplasmodium

A

a slightly motile aggregation of cells (slug) that produces fruiting bodies, which in turn produce spores; cells aggregate via AMP hormone

38
Q
A

Botany (8 decks)

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