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Perio > 1. Clinical morphology of the periodontium > Flashcards

1. Clinical morphology of the periodontium Flashcards

1
Q

Components of periodontium

A
  • Gingiva
  • Periodontal ligament
  • Cementum
  • Alveolar bone(Alveolar bone proper/bundle bone and alveolar process
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2
Q

Function of periodontium

A
  • Attach teeth to bone
  • Maintain integrity of mucosa in oral cavity
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3
Q

Types of mucosa

A
  • Masticatory mucosa
  • Specialised mucosa
  • Lining mucosa
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4
Q

Masticatory mucosa covers

A

Gingiva and hard palate

Is keratinised

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5
Q

Specialised mucosa covers

A

Dorsum of tongue

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6
Q

Lining mucosa covers

A
  • Soft palate
  • Inside of lips
  • Floor of mouth
  • Vestibulum
  • Ventral surface of tongue
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7
Q

Gingiva macroscopic anatomy

A
  • Covers alveolar process and surrounds tooth cervices
  • Consists of lamina propria-epithelial layer and underlying connective tissue
  • Free or attached
  • Keratinised-orange peel texture
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8
Q

Microscopic anatomy of gingiva-types of epithelium

A
  • Oral epithelium
  • Oral sulcular epithelium
  • Junctional epithelium
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9
Q

Epithelium that faces the oral cavity

A

Oral epithelium

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10
Q

Epithelium that faces the tooth without being in contact

A

Oral sulcular epithelium

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11
Q

The epithelium that is in contact with the tooth

A

Junctional epithelium

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12
Q

Connective tissue portions that project into epithelium

A

Connective tissue papilla

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13
Q

Oral epithelium characteristics

A
  • Keratinised
  • Stratified
  • Squamous epithelium
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14
Q

Oral epithelium cell layers

A
  1. Stratum basale(cuboidal cells)
  2. Stratum spinosum(thickest layer)
  3. Stratum granulosum
  4. Stratum corneum(keratinised)
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15
Q

Cells found in epithelium

A
  • Keratinocytes
  • Melanocytes
  • Immune cells
  • Inflammatory cells
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16
Q

Connective tissue fibres are produced by

A

Fibroblasts

17
Q

Types of connective tissue fibres

A
  • Collagen fibres
  • Reticulin fibres
  • Oxytalan fibres
  • Elastic fibres
18
Q

Collagen fibres are arranged according to

A

Insertion and course

19
Q

Types of collagen fibres

A
  • Circular fibres
  • Dento-gingival fibres
  • Dento-periosteal fibres
  • Transeptal fibres
20
Q

Circular fibres(CF) characteristics

A
  • In free gingiva
  • Encircle tooth like ring
21
Q

Dento-gingival fibres (DGF) characteristics

A
  • Embedded in cementum of supra-alveolar portion of root
  • Project from cementum in fan like configuration into free gingival tissue
22
Q

Dento-periosteal fibres (DPF) Characteristics

A
  • Embedded in same portion of cementum as dento-gingival fibres
  • Fibres run more apically over vestibular and lingual bone crest
  • Terminate in tissue of attached gingiva
23
Q

Free gingival groove charactertics

A
  • Border between free and attached gingiva
  • Epithelium lacks support by underlying collagen fibre bundles
24
Q

Transeptal fibres characteristics

A
  • Extend between supra-alveolar cementum of adjacent teeth
  • Run across interdental septum
  • Embedded in cementum of adjacent teeth
25
Q

Periodontal ligament characteristics

A
  • Richly vascular and cellular connective tissue
  • Surrounds roots of teeth
  • Joins cementum w/ alveolar bone(bundle bone)
26
Q

Periodontal ligament fibres

A

*Alveolar crest fibers(ACF)
* Horizontal fibres(HF)
* Oblique fibres(OF)
* Apical fibres(AF)

27
Q

Cementum characteristics

A
  • Specialised mineral tissue
  • Covers root surface and small portions of crown
  • Contains collagen fibres and organic matrix
  • 65% mineral-hydroxyapetite
28
Q

Types of cementum

A
  • Acellular-extrinsic fibre cementum
  • Cellular mixed stratified cementum
  • Cellular intrinsic fibre cementum
29
Q

Acellular extrinsic fibre cementum characteristics

A
  • In coronal and middle part of root
  • Main sharpeys fibres
  • Connects tooth w/ bundle bone
30
Q

Cellular mixed stratified cementum characteristics

A
  • In apical third of root and furcations
  • Contains extrinsic, intrinsic fibres and cementocytes
31
Q

Cellular intrinsic fibre cementum

A
  • In resorption lacunae
  • Intrinsic fibres and cementocytes
32
Q

Alveolar bone characteristics

A
  • Supports the teeth
  • Formed from dental lamina
  • Distributes and absorbs masticatory forces
33
Q

Alveolar process anatomy

A
  • External plate of cortical bone
  • Inner socket wall of thin compact bone=alveolar bone proper/bundle bone
  • Cancellous trabecular bone between the two layers
34
Q

Bone coverage misssing a coronal portion of roots

A

Dihescence

35
Q

Bone present coronally and apically of a defect

A

Fenestration

35
Q

Socket wall is formed by

A

Bundle bone

Perio (47 decks)

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