2. Transport and Industry

Question 1

Brown field site

Answer 1

has been built on before

Question 2

Business park

Answer 2

a designated area of land in which many office buildings are grouped together

Question 3

containerisation

Answer 3

system of container transport for use in sea shipping through machines

Question 4

distribution

Answer 4

the way something is spread out or arranged over a geographic area

Question 5

greenfield site

Answer 5

hasn’t been built on before

Question 6

globalisation

Answer 6

the way that companies, products, ideas and lifestyles are moving more easily and more quickly around the world

Question 7

HIC

Answer 7

High income coutnry

Question 8

HS2

Answer 8

a high speed train

Question 9

LIC

Answer 9

low income country

Question 10

MIC

Answer 10

middle income country

Question 11

Multinational

Answer 11

sell products/ services in different countries

Question 12

NIC

Answer 12

Newly Industrialized country

Question 13

Raw Materials

Answer 13

natural resources

Question 14

Science Park

Answer 14

land designated for only science and tech research

Question 15

Road Advantages -Mode of Transport (2)

Answer 15

*Speed of delivery is high
*Door-to-door service

Question 16

Rail Advantages -Mode of Transport (2)

Answer 16

*Carrying capacity is high
*The rapid speed of delivery

Question 17

Water Advantages -Mode of Transport (2)

Answer 17

*It has high carrying capacity
*Cost-effective for heavy and bulky goods

Question 18

Air Advantages -Mode of Transport (2)

Answer 18

*It has high speeds
*There is no physical barrier to this transport mode

Question 19

Advantages of HS2 (give 3 min)

Answer 19

*Bridges the North/South divide
*Create 30,000 jobs
*Estimated to increase the UK’s GDP per Capita by 15bn per year
*Move trillions of roads and air trips to rail
*Improve journey times for commuters

Question 20

Disadvantages of HS2 (give 3 min)

Answer 20

*Argued more wealth sucked to London
*Original price of 33bn has spiraled to 100bn+
*Trains will use more than 50% of energy compared to Eurostar trains
*250 acres of green belt land will be built on
*Money should be spent on other services e.g. NHS

Question 21

what did containerisation do?

Answer 21

led to the decline of ports like the London Docklands

Question 22

exploit

Answer 22

the use of natural resources for economic growth

Question 23

all four industry sectors

Answer 23

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary

Question 24

what is the primary industry

Answer 24

the act of gathering or extracting of raw materials e.g. farming, fishing, mining

Question 25

what is the secondary industry

Answer 25

the act of manufacturing (or making products from these raw materials e.g. food processing, making clothes, furniture

Question 26

what is the tertiary industry

Answer 26

provides a service e.g. nurse, doctor, teacher, cashier

Question 27

what is the quaternary industry

Answer 27

for the future - includes hi-tech research and development industries e.g. computers, phones and medicines

Question 28

what factors affect the location of an industry? (give 3 min)

Answer 28

*access/location of raw materials
*access to energy supply
*site- flat land, room to expand
*labour - cost, skill level, quantity
*proximity to market
*transport routes
*cost of land
*capital (money to invest)
*greenfield or brownfield site
*government policies

Question 29

what factors affect economic development and quality of life? (4 min)

Answer 29

*Globalisation (the way companies, products, ideas and lifestyles are moving more easily around the world)
*Income per person (GNI per Capita - Gross (average) national income per person)
*Life expectancy - estimate of the average a person from a group will die
*Health - (access to healthcare)
*Literacy - (the ability to read and write which affects job availability)
*Housing - (access to a safe and healthy home)
*Economic Growth - (the increase of an economy produce (goods / services) which give business profits)

Question 30

Rail Disadvantages -Mode of Transport (2)

Answer 30

*Timetable and routes restricted
*Expensive cost for constructing and maintenance

Question 31

Road Disadvantages -Mode of Transport (2)

Answer 31

*Emission of noise pollution and toxic materials
*Possible traffic delays

Question 32

Water Disadvantages -Mode of Transport (2)

Answer 32

*It has high time for shipment
*The risk of accidents is high as the ship/boat could sink/lose cargo

Question 33

Air Disadvantages -Mode of Transport (2)

Answer 33

*It is the costliest out of all other modes of transport
*It needs trained individuals for a successful flight

Question 34

describe the development of primary industry over time (3 periods)

Answer 34

-Pre-industrial (1800 AD) High (70%)
-Industrial - goes down a lot - (around 35%)
-Post-industrial (2000 AD) stabilises (10%)

Question 35

describe the development of secondary industry over time (3 periods)

Answer 35

-Pre-industrial (1800 AD) low (20%)
-Industrial- small climb - ( around 50%)
-Post-Industrial (2000 AD)- dips down again (30%)

Question 36

describe the development of tertiary industry over time (3 periods)

Answer 36

-Pre-industrial (1800 AD) low (10%)
-Industrial - small climb (around 35%)
-Post-Industrial (2000 AD) high (60%)

Question 37

describe the development of quaternary industry over time

Answer 37

-Post-Industrial (2000 AD) - starting big climb - low (5%)

Question 38

economic development and employment between HICs

Answer 38

UK
very little primary (barely any)
around 1/6 secondary (a decent amount)
over 75% tertiary (a huge amount)

Question 39

economic development and employment between LICs

Answer 39

Ethiopia
75% primary (a lot)
secondary 1/3 of what is left (a little bit)
2/3 of what is left tertiary (a decent amount)

Question 40

economic development and employment between MICs

Answer 40

China
around 1/3 primary (a lot)
around 1/2 of what is left is secondary (a decent amount)
tertiary is equal to secondary (a decent amount)