lab 8 AOI's

Question 1

Frontalis

Answer 1

A: raises eyebrows
O: epicranial aponeurosis
I: skin of the eyebrows and root of the nose

Question 2

Occipitalis

Answer 2

A: pulls scalp posteriorly
O: occipital and temporal bones
I: epicranial aponeurosis

Question 3

Temporalis

Answer 3

A: closes jaw; elevates and retracts mandible
O: temporal fossa
I: coronoid process of mandible

Question 4

Masseter

Answer 4

A: prime mover of jaw closure, elevated mandible
O: zygomatic arch and zygomatic bone
I: angle and ramus of mandible

Question 5

Medial pterygoid

Answer 5

A: acts with the lateral pterygoid muscle to protrude mandible and promote side-to-side movements
O: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; maxilla and palatine bone
I: medial surface of mandible near the angle

Question 6

Lateral pterygoid

Answer 6

A: provides forward sliding and side-to-side movement of the lower teeth
O: greater wing and lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone
I: condyle of mandible and temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

Question 7

Zygomaticus (major)

Answer 7

A: raises lateral corners of the mouth upwards (smiling)
O: zygomatic bone
I: skin and muscle at the corners of the mouth

Question 8

Buccinator (muscle of mastication)

Answer 8

A: compresses cheek; draws corner of mouth laterally
O: molar region of maxilla and mandible
I: orbicularis oris

Question 9

Platysma

Answer 9

A: Tenses the skin of neck; depresses mandible
O: fascia of chest
I: lower margin of mandible; skin and muscle at corner of mouth

Question 10

Orbicularis oculi

Answer 10

A: closes eye; produces blinking and squinting ; draws eyebrows inferiorly
O: frontal and maxillary bones; ligaments around orbit
I: tissue of eyelid

Question 11

Orbicularis oris

Answer 11

A: closes lips; purses and protrudes lips
O: maxilla and mandible
I: skin and muscle at angles of the mouth

Question 12

Levator labii superioris

Answer 12

A: opens lips; raises and furrows the upper lip
O: zygomatic bone and infraorbital margin of maxilla
I: skin and muscle of upper lip

Question 13

Depressor labii inferioris

Answer 13

A: draws lower lip inferiorly
O: body of mandible lateral to its midline
I: skin and muscle of lower lip

Question 14

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 14

A: flexes and laterally rotates head; neck flexion and rotation of neck
O: manubrium of sternum; medial portion of clavicle
I: mastoid process of temporal bone; superior nuchal line of occipital bone

Question 15

Scalenes

Answer 15

A: elevation of ribs 1&2; lateral flexion and rotation of neck
O: transverse processes of C3-7 vertebrae
I: ribs 1-2

Question 16

Serratus anterior

Answer 16

A: abduction, medial rotation, and stabilization of the scapula
O: ribs 1-8
I: Medial border of scapula

Question 17

Levator scapulae

Answer 17

A: elevates and adducts scapula
O: transverse processes of C1-C4
I: medial border of scapula, superior to the spine

Question 18

Rhomboids

Answer 18

A: adduction and elevation of scapula
O: spinous processes of C7- T5 vertebrae
I: medial border of scapula

Question 19

Splenius

Answer 19

A: rotation of head to the same side; extension of vertebral column; depression of ribs
O: nuchal ligament; spinous processes of C7, T1-T6 vertebrae
I: temporal bone (mastoid process); occipital bone (superior nuchal line); transverse processes of C1-3 vertebrae

Question 20

Iliocostalis

Answer 20

A: lateral flexion of vertebral column; extension of vertebral column; depression of ribs
O: iliac crest, ribs
I: ribs; transverse process of cervical vertebrae

Question 21

Semispinalis capitis

Answer 21

A: rotation of head to the opposite side; extension of head and neck
O: transverse processes of C7-T6 vertebrae
I: occipital bone

Question 22

Long head of triceps

Answer 22

A: forearm extension; stabilizes shoulder joint and assist in arm adduction
O: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: common tendon into olecranon process of ulna

Question 23

Lateral head of triceps brachii

Answer 23

A: forearm extension
O: posterior shaft of humerus
I: common tendon into olecranon process of ulna

Question 24

Medial head of the triceps brachii

Answer 24

A: forearm extension
O: posterior humeral shaft distal to radial groove
I: common tendon into olecranon process of ulna

Question 25

Digastric

Answer 25

A: opens mouth and depresses mandible; elevates hyoid bone and steadys it during swallowing and speech
O: lower margin of mandible; mastoid process of temporal bone
I: hyoid bone

Question 26

Stylohyoid

Answer 26

A: elevates and retracts hyoid bone during swallowing
O: styloid process of temporal bone
I: hyoid bone

Question 27

Mylohyoid

Answer 27

A: elevates hyoid bone and floor of mouth
O: medial surface of mandible
I: hyoid bone and median raphe

Question 28

Geniohyoid

Answer 28

A: pulls hyoid bone superiorly and anteriorly
O: Inner surface of mandibular symphysis (mental tubercle)
I: hyoid bone

Question 29

Sternohyoid

Answer 29

A: depresses larynx and hyoid bone if mandible is fixed
O: manubrium and medial end of clavicle
I: lower margin of hyoid bone

Question 30

Sternothyroid

Answer 30

A: pulls larynx and hyoid bone inferiorly
O: posterior surface of manubrium of sternum
I: thyroid cartilage

Question 31

Thyrohyoid

Answer 31

A: depresses hyoid bone; elevates larynx if hyoid is fixed
O: Thyroid cartilage
I: hyoid bone

Question 32

Pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 32

A: constricts pharynx during swallowing
O: attached anteriorly to mandible and medial pterygoid plate; hyoid
I: posterior median raphe of pharynx

Question 33

Genioglossus

Answer 33

A: protracts tongue
O: internal surface of mandible near symphysis (mental tubercle)
I: inferior aspect of the tongue; body of hyoid bone

Question 34

Hyoglossus

Answer 34

A: depresses tongue; draws its sides downward
O: body and greater horn of hyoid bone
I: inferolateral tongue

Question 35

Styloglossus

Answer 35

A: retracts and elevates tongue
O: styloid process of temporal bone
I: inferolateral tongue