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Histology Lecture 3 > Oral Cavity Histo > Flashcards

Oral Cavity Histo Flashcards

1
Q

What area is enclosed between the lips and teeth?

A

vestibule

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2
Q

What is the oral cavity bound by?

A

hard and soft palate
tongue and floor of mouth
teeth
anterior and lateral orpharynx

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3
Q

What is the superior boundary of the oral cavity?

A

hard and soft palate

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4
Q

What is the anterior and lateral boundary of the oral cavity?

A

labium/lip, cheek, and body of the tongue

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5
Q

What is the inferior boundary of the oral cavity?

A

geniohyoid and mylohyoid muscles supporting the floor of the mouth

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6
Q

What is the posterior border of the oral cavity?

A

uvula, palatine tonsil, root of the tongue, and the lingual tonsil

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7
Q

What is the transitional zone between external haired skin and internal oral mucosa?

A

vermillion border

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8
Q

What creates the color of the oral cavity?

A

higher vascularized dermis and thin, overlying keratinized epidermis

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9
Q

What kinds of glands do the lips lack?

A

sweat and sebaceous glands

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10
Q

What is the oral cavity’s function?

A

ingestion
framentation
moistening
mastication
deglutition
speech
facial expression
sensory perception
respiration

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11
Q

What is mastication?

A

cutting, chewing, and grinding of food by occlusal surfaces of the teeth

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12
Q

What is created by the process of mastication?

A

a bolus of food

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13
Q

What is another term for swallowing?

A

deglutition

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14
Q

What does the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue consist of?

A

core mass of skeletal muscle (longitudinal, transverse, oblique)

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15
Q

What is the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue consist of?

A

aggregations of lymphatic tissue (lingual tonsils)

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16
Q

How many cranial nerves innervate the tongue?

A

5

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17
Q

How many pharnygeal arches help to develop the tongue?

A

4

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18
Q

What is the dorsal surface of the tongue covered by?

A

nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium supported by lamina propria

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19
Q

What is the lining mucosa? (oral cavity)

A

non-keratinized mucosa found on inner cheeks, floor of mouth, ventral surface of tongue and soft palate

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20
Q

What layer of skin does the lining mucosa not have?

A

lacks stratum corneum

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21
Q

Where is the masticatory mucosa?

A

present in areas of high abrasion (gingiva and hard palate)

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22
Q

What type of cells are in the masticatory muscoa?

A

keratinized and nonkeratinized

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23
Q

What are the four pairs of intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

-superior longitudinal
-inferior longitudinal
-transversus linguae
-verticalis linguae

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24
Q

What is the on the dorsal surface of the tongue?

A

numerous mucosal projections called lingual papillae

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25
Q

What are lingual papillae formed from?

A

highly vascular connective tissue core and a covering layer of stratified squamous epithelium

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26
Q

How are the four types of lingual papillae divided?

A

based on their shape

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27
Q

What are the form types of lingual papillae?

A

filiform, fungiform, foliate & circumvallate

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28
Q

What type of lingual papillae are the most numerous?

A

filiform papillae

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29
Q

What type of lingual papillae do not have taste buds?

A

filiform papillae
-mostly tactile

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30
Q

What are the characteristics of filiform papillae?

A

keratinized, have short bristles, and are distributed in parallel rows

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31
Q

What are the characteristics of fungiform papillae?

A

nonkeratinized stratified squamous
has taste buds along apical surface

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32
Q

What are the characteristics of foliate papillae?

A

parallel rows
taste buds in lateral walls

33
Q

What are the characteristics of circumvallate papillae?

A

occupies a recess in the mucosa and is surrounded by a circular furrow or trench

34
Q

Where are circumvallate papillae located?

A

posterior part of the tongue; aligned in front of the sulcus terminalis

35
Q

What are the serous (Ebner’s glands) associated with?

A

foliate and circumvallate papillae

36
Q

Where do the ducts of the Ebner’s glands open into?

A

into the floor of the circular furrows
(into the moats)

37
Q

What do the serous (Ebner’s) glands secrete?

A

lingual lipase and VEGP

38
Q

What does VEGP (von ebner’s gland protein) do?

A

undertakes the selective binding of sapid (flavorful) chemicals and their transport to taste receptors
(present chewed food to the tastebud)

39
Q

Where are taste buds?

A

on the sides of circumvallate papilla and face the wall of the furrow

40
Q

How many cells are in taste buds?

A

50-150 cells
-narrow apical ends extend into a taste pore

41
Q

What are the three components of the taste bud?

A

(1) taste receptor cells
(2) supporting cells (or immature taste cells)
(3) precursor cells (or basal cells)

42
Q

Where are ovoid chemoreceptors found?

A

fungiform, foliate, circumvallate papillae

(on the soft palate, posterior pharynx, and epiglottis)

43
Q

What is the lifespan of cells in the taste receptor?

A

10-14 days

44
Q

What do taste receptor precursor cells do?

A

give rise to supporting cells which become mature taste receptor cells

45
Q

What does the basal portion of a taste receptor cell make contact with?

A

an afferent nerve terminal derived from sensory ganglia
(facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves)

46
Q

What are the four classic taste sensations?

A

sweet, sour, bitter, salty

47
Q

What is the fifth taste sensation?

A

umami (MSG)

48
Q

What are other bitter tastants?

A

varied compounds with no common molecular structure (caffeine, morphine, nicotine)

49
Q

What is umami linked to?

A

a specialized receptor for L-glutamate and other amino acids

50
Q

Where are glutamates naturally found?

A

meats, cheeses, several veggies

51
Q

What does glutamate signal?

A

presence of proteins and causes the intake of proteinious foods

52
Q

Each taste bud can discern all five tastes but appear to concentrate on _______ out of five.

A

two

53
Q

Taste buds on the palate register primarily _______ & ____.

A

bitter and sour

54
Q

What modalities do the posterior and epiglottis taste buds register?

A

all five

55
Q

What protein receptor specifically responds to the flavor of fat?

A

CD 36

56
Q

What does CD 36 do?

A

facilitate the uptake of fatty acids
-may also increase the preference for fatty foods

57
Q

What is the new taste modality for?

A

complex carbohydrates

58
Q

What type of saliva does sympathetic stimulation cause?

A

thick, viscous saliva, rich in proteins
(muscusy)

59
Q

What type of saliva does parasympathetic stimulation cause?

A

copious, watery saliva

60
Q

What does saliva contain?

A

water, glycoprotines, proteins, enzymes, antibodies, K, bicarbonate

61
Q

What enzymes are in saliva?

A

amylase and lysozyme

62
Q

What are the functions of saliva?

A
  • Moistens oral mucosa & dry food
  • Provides carrier medium for sense of taste
  • Buffering via high bicarbonate content
  • Digestion of carbohydrates via amylase
  • Immunologic function—secretion of salivary IgA
  • Control of bacterial flora
63
Q

What is the average saliva production?

A

600-1500 mL/day

64
Q

What are the three pairs of salivary glands?

A

parotid, submandibular, sublingual

65
Q

Which salivary gland is almost completely serous?

A

parotid (largest gland)

66
Q

What is the parotid duct called?

A

stenson’s duct

67
Q

Where does the parotid gland open?

A

within the vestibule, opposite upper 2nd molar

68
Q

What salivary gland has mixed serous and mucous?

A

submandibular
-inferior and medial to remus of mandible

69
Q

What is another name for the submandibular duct?

A

Whartons duct

70
Q

Where does the submandibular duct open?

A

at sublingual caruncle

71
Q

What type of duct are simple cuboidal to columnar epithelium?

A

striated ducts

72
Q

Which salivary gland is mostly mucous?

A

sublingual

73
Q

What is an acinus?

A

compound (branched) glands; secretory unit
-can be serous or muscous

74
Q

What type of cells surround acini and aids in secretion of saliva into ducts?

A

myoepithelial

75
Q

What is a sialolith?

A

salivary stones

76
Q

What type of saliva are acini?

A

serous and mucous

77
Q

What type of ducts are lined by simple cuboidal epithelium and secrete HCO3 and resorb Cl?

A

intercalated ducts

78
Q

Serous acini of mixed glands are often in the form of __________

A

demilunes

79
Q

What are the functions of salivary glands?

A

resorb Na, secrete K into saliva, and secrete lysozyme and IgA

Histology Lecture 3 (10 decks)

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