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Phase 3a public health > Public health deck 3 > Flashcards

Public health deck 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 domains of public health?

A
  1. Health promotion
  2. Health protection
  3. Health improvement
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2
Q

Give an example of health promotion?

A

Looks at interventions e.g. immunizations, smoking cessation, screening

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3
Q

Give an example of health protection:

A

Putting measures in place to control infectious diseases e.g. barrier nursing on covid wards

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4
Q

What are the aims of health service improvements?

A

Ensure that there is delivery of organized, safe and high quality services

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5
Q

What is health psychology?

A

Role of psychological factors in cause progression and consequence of health and illness - promote healthy behaviour and prevent illness

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6
Q

What are 3 types of health behaviour?

A
  1. Health behaviour
  2. Illness behaviour
  3. Sick role behaviour
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7
Q

Define health behaviour:

A

Aimed at preventing disease e.g. eating healthily

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8
Q

Define illness behaviour:

A

Aimed at seeking remedy e.g. going to doctor

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9
Q

Define sick role behaviour:

A

Behaviour actively aimed at getting oneself better i.e. taking medication

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10
Q

What is a health damaging behaviour?

A

Behaviour that will damage health:
e.g. smoking, alcohol consumption, high risk sexual behaviour

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11
Q

What are health promoting behaviours?

A

Behaviour that will seek and maintain health: e.g. exercise, eating healthily, having vaccines

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12
Q

What is compliance?

A

Extent to which a patient’s behaviour coincides with medical advice - assumes doctor knows best

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13
Q

What are x3 factors that effect compliance?

A
  1. SE of medication
  2. Patients’ perception of risk
  3. Is patient asymptomatic?
  4. SE status
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14
Q

Give 3 examples of population level interventions:

A
  1. Public health campaigns e.g. Movember, Change4Life.
  2. Screening e.g. cervical smear
  3. Immunization e.g. MMR
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15
Q

What is unrealistic optimism?

A

Individual continues to practise health damaging behaviour due to an inaccurate perception of risk and susceptibility

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16
Q

What factors can influence someone’s perception of risk?

A
  1. Lack of personal experience with a problem
  2. Belief that it may be preventable by personal action
  3. Belief that it is unlikely to happen to an individual
  4. Belief problem is infrequent
  5. Other: SE factors, stress, age, cultural variability
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17
Q

Why is it important to understand a patient’s perception of risk?

A

It can impact on medication adherence and keeping appointments

18
Q

NICE guidance on behaviour change: briefly describe:

A
  1. Plan intervention
  2. Assess social context
  3. Educate and train
  4. Look at individual level and community level interventions
  5. Evaluate effectiveness and assess cost effectiveness
19
Q

Single greatest cause of illness and premature death in the UK?

A

Smoking

20
Q

What diseases (x3) is smoking related to?

A

Cancers, COPD, CHD

21
Q

When does smoking prevalence peak?

A

Mid 20s

22
Q

What is the role of the NCSCT?

A

Support delivery of effective evidence-based tobacco control programmes and smoking cessation interventions provided by local services

23
Q

What is a health needs assessment?

A

Systematic method for reviewing health issues facing a population - leading to agreed priorities and resource allocation improving health and reducing inequalities

24
Q

What is the need in a Health Needs Assessment?

A

Ability to benefit from an intervention

25
Q

Briefly describe the planning cycle in the Health Needs Assessment:

A

Needs assessment -> planning -> implementation -> evaluation -> needs assessment etc.

26
Q

What is felt need?

A

An individuals perception of their personal variation from normal health

27
Q

What is expressed need?

A

Individual seeks help to overcome variation in normal health

28
Q

What is normative need?

A

Profession defines interventions that are appropriate for expressed need

29
Q

What is comparative need?

A

Comparison between severity, range of intervention, cost

30
Q

Define demand in the context of a health needs assessment:

A

What people ask for

31
Q

Define supply in the context of a health needs assessment:

A

What is provided

32
Q

What is the difference between health need and health care need?

A

Health need: need for health
Healthcare need: more specific, need for healthcare and looks at a person’s ability to benefit from health care.

33
Q

3 different types of health needs assessment?

A
  1. Epidemiological
  2. Comparative
  3. Corporate
34
Q

What 3 things may hinder a epidemiological health needs assessment?

A
  1. Required data unavailable
  2. Variable data quality
  3. Ignores felt needs
35
Q

Comparative health needs assessment?

A

Compares services received by one population with other populations

36
Q

3 negative points for comparative health needs assessment

A
  1. Required data unavailable
  2. Variable data quality
  3. Hard to find comparable populations
37
Q

Who’s involved in a corporate health needs assessment?

A
  1. Politicians
  2. Press
  3. Providers
  4. Professionals
  5. Patients
38
Q

What are 3 negatives of corporate needs assessment?

A
  1. Difficult to distinguish need from demand
  2. Group may have vested interest
  3. Political agendas
39
Q

Give a health related example of something that is considered in demand, but not needed nor supplied by the NHS?

A

Cosmetic surgery

40
Q

Give x3 symptoms of withdrawal (smoking cessation):

A
  1. Difficulty concentrating
  2. Increased appetite
  3. Irritability

Phase 3a public health (7 decks)

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