cognition pt 2 Flashcards
trial and error
problem-solving strategy in which multiple solutions are attempted until the correct one is found
algorithm
problem-solving strategy characterized by a specific set of instructions
heuristic
mental shortcut that saves time when solving a problem
working backwards
heuristic in which you begin to solve a problem by focusing on the end result
mental set
continually using an old solution to a problem without results
functional fixedness
inability to see an object as useful for any other use other than the one for which it was intended
anchoring bias
faulty heuristic in which you fixate on a single aspect of a problem to find a solution
confirmation bias
faulty heuristic in which you focus on information that confirms your beliefs
hindsight bias
belief that the event just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t
representative bias
faulty heuristic in which you stereotype someone or something without a valid basis for your judgment