Topic 2: prokaryotic cells and viruses

Question 1

Name 3 additional organelles that some prokaryotic organisms have:

Answer 1

Plasmid
Capsule
Flagella

Question 2

State the 5 key differences between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells:

Answer 2

1.The cells are much smaller
2.No membrane-bound organelles 3.Smaller ribosomes
4.No nucleus
5.A cell wall made of murein

Question 3

Describe viruses and HIV

Answer 3

Viruses are non-living and acellular. They are even smaller than bacteria and only contain genetic material, a capsid, and an attachment protein.

HIV is surrounded by a further lipid envelope that has attachment proteins on the outside. This is to enable the virus to identify the host cells to enter.