Pharmacology, Toxicology, & Nutrition

Question 1

A 4dx SNAP test is looking for antibodies/antigen to the disease.

Answer 1

antibodies

Question 2

Isoxazolines should be avoided in what patients?

Answer 2

Those with seizure history & those who are used for breeding stock

Question 3

T/F: Bravecto (flurolaner) is safe to use in pregnant and breeding animals.

Answer 3

F!!!

Question 4

T/F: It is safe to use Drontal Plus as a dewormer in pregnant animals.

Answer 4

F; it contains Febantel, which is not safe for pregnant animals

Question 5

Of Moxidectin & Ivermectin, which is safe to use in pregnant/breeding animals and which should be avoided?

Answer 5

Ivermectin (Heartgard) safe, Moxidectin should be avoided (Advantage Multi)

Question 6

Milbemycin is an ingredient present in Interceptor & Sentinel (which are considered safe for breeding stock). However, Milbemycin is also an ingredient in Trifexis, which is recommended to be avoided. Why is that?

Answer 6

Because Trifexis also contains Spinosad (Comfortis), which has been shown to cause abortion & malformations in puppies)

Question 7

T/F: Seresto is not safe for breeding stock.

Answer 7

F, it is safe

Question 8

At what time is it recommended to switch a bitch to an all life stages (30 protein/20 fat) or puppy food?

Answer 8

1-2 months before heat cycle

Question 9

What is DHA imperative for?

Answer 9

puppy neuronal development

Question 10

Folic acid is needed in what breeds?

Answer 10

Those predisposed to midline defects (esp. Bulldogs & most other brachycephalic breeds)

Question 11

Ivermectin is safe to use in breeding stock except for what breeds?

Answer 11

Collies, English Shepherds, Aussies, Border Collies, etc. Due to homozygous for MDR1 gene; heterozygous safe

Question 12

What is the most common pathogen of concern when feeding raw diets?

Answer 12

Salmonella

Question 13

T/F: Clients who still want to feed a raw diet should use human grade food only & freeze for at least one week to reduce the possibility of parasitic and bacterial infections.

Answer 13

F, it only reduces the possibility of parasitic infections. The risk for bacterial infections will always be there.

Question 14

If a client still insists on feeding a raw diet, what website can you direct them to?

Answer 14

BalanceIt.com

Question 15

How soon should you take a bitch off of a raw diet to reduce the risk to offspring?

Answer 15

Should be switched off a raw diet for at least 6 months.

Question 16

T/F: It has been proven that fertility in male dogs improved when they were fed a prescription diet for joint health that contained therapeutic levels of glucosamine.

Answer 16

T; can also consider giving glucosamine supplementation. It might help and it can’t hurt to give.

Question 17

Describe drug category A.

Answer 17

• Probably safe
• May not have scientific evidence but there have been no reports of adverse effects

Question 18

Describe drug category B.

Answer 18

• Safe for use if used cautiously
• Appear to be safe in dogs & cats or as long as not administered when animals are near term

Question 19

Describe drug category C.

Answer 19

• May have potential risks.
• Should be used as last resort when the benefit of therapy clearly outweighs the risks

Question 20

Describe drug category D

Answer 20

Contraindicated! These drugs have been shown to cause congenital malformations or embryotoxicity.

Question 21

What are the 2 safest antibiotics to use in pregnant animals?

Answer 21

Amoxicillin & Clavamox