C1: Atomic Structure Flashcards
What is the defenition of an element?
A substance made up of only one type of atom
What are the two elements in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and neutrons
What is the name of the rings that electrons sit in?
Energy levels (shells)
Who were the main 5 people who contributed to the current model of the atom?
John Dalton, John-Jacob Berzelius, Joseph John Thomson, Ernest Rutherford, Niels Bohr.
What was the plumb pudding model?
A model of the atom made by Joseph John Thomson, it had a circular ball with positive matter and Electrons floating around inside it.
What was the Gold Foil experiment?
An experiment carried out by Ernest Rutherford, he shot infered lazers at a peice of gold foil. Most lazers went through the foil but some bounced off in different directions. This showed that there must be some sort of dense concentrated block in the middle of the atom.
Who was the first person to say that electrons were in shells (energy levels)?
Neils Bohr
Why do atoms have no overall charge?
Because they have the same amount of protons as electrons
What is an ion?
An ion is an atom without a neutral charge, this is because the number electrons has been lowered or increased, meaning the atom no longer has the same amount of protons as electrons
What is an isotope?
Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons in the nucleus
What is the maximum amount of electrons in the first shell (energy level)?
2
What is the maximum amount of electrons in the 2nd and above shell (energy level)?
8
