Ch.24: Medical Genetics

Question 1

If an individual exhibits a disease, where is the disorder more likely to occur?

Answer 1

in genetic relatives rather than the general population

Question 2

What are the ways genetic diseases are classified?

Answer 2

autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, X-linked recessive and X-linked dominant

Question 3

How does Autosomal recessive inheritance work?

Answer 3

Usually caused by parents that are heterozygous carriers of the recessive allele that causes the disease

Question 4

How does Autosomal dominant inheritance work?

Answer 4

One parent must carry the allele that causes the autosomal dominant disease

Question 5

How do X-linked recessive human disorders transfer?

Answer 5

-The heterozygous mother for the X-linked recessive trait, who is the carrier, passes the recessive allele, which causes the disease, to her sons.
-Because males are hemizygous for the X chromosome, all males harbor the disease.

Question 6

Where are X-linked dominant human disorders more severe at?

Answer 6

in males because they are hemizygous for the X chromosome

Question 7

Describe the detection of disease-causing alleles via haplotypes

Answer 7

Haplotypes that are closely linked to a gene with a mutation that causes a disease can be used to map the disease-causing allele, because recombination cannot separate haplotypes that are closely linked to a disease-causing allele from the disease-causing allele

Question 8

What are prions?

Answer 8

infectious proteinaceous particles caused by abnormal defective proteins

Question 9

What is Gene therapy?

Answer 9

the introduction of cloned genes into living cells in an attempt to cure a disease

Question 10

What is Personalized medicine?

Answer 10

is the use of a patient’s genotype to select a treatment suited for that patient

Question 11

How much does a complete genome sequence and analysis cost?

Answer 11

~ $500.00