Biotechnology Flashcards

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1
Q

what we can’t do in biotech

A

Make dinosaurs
Dragaons
hybirds

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2
Q

What we can do in biotech?

A

Purple tomatoes with high levels of anthocyanins
Sterile mosquitoes
Salmon with high growth hormone levels
Animals with florescent gene.

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3
Q

what we could do but is unethical

A

Engineer DNA to make babies more atheltic

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4
Q

What is biotechnology?

A

The characterization use and change of an organism using some technical process to the advantage of mankind and the enivronment.

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5
Q

Why do we need biotech?

A

World population is ever increasing
More food - selecting genes for better yields and increasing the diversity of crops.
less inputs with higher crop yields and increased profits.
Better medicines - people live longer, increases diseases so more medicines are needed.
Amount of arable land available is decreasing

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6
Q

how is bioech relavant?

A

Can create biofeuls that are more sustainable and have better outputs.
BIotech tabcco with higher yields
Stem cell research
DNA fingerprinting

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7
Q

Different types of biotech?

A

DIfferent generations
Different colours

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8
Q

WHat is 1st gen biotech?

A

conventional use, cultivation and improvement.

Breeding or selection:
Genetic variation is selectivly utilized.
Different forms of Brassica oleracea was developed from wild cabbage

Green Revolution:
Exponential increases in the yields of crops due to dedicated breeding and selection programs and improved agricultural practices.

Fermentation:
Beer brewing, making bread and wine. NB for economy and industries.

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9
Q

What is 2nd gen biotech?

A

In-vitro technology. (in glass)
techniques in which plants and tissues go through a sterile in vitro culturing phase.
Maintianig seedless cultures.

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10
Q

What is 3rd gen biotech?

A

Molecular markers:
Molecules that directly link to a specific genetic trait.
Phenotypes of plants can be predicted by analyzing DNA.

Genetic manipulation:
Direct addition of genetic material to an organism.
New genetic traits can be added or removed. - overexpress or knock out genes.

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11
Q

BIotech colours

A

Red: Health, medical, diagnostics
Yellow: food biotech, nutrition science
Blue: Aquaculture, coastal and marine biotech
Green: Agriculture, environmental biotech
Brown: arid zone and desert biotech
Dark: Bioterrorism, biowarfare, biocrimes
Purple: patents, publications, inventions, IPR’s
Gold: Bioinformatics and Nanobiotechnology
Grey: Classical fermentation and bioprocess technology.

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12
Q

GMO’s can occur naturally.

A

sweet potatoes and butterfly’s

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13
Q

GMO’s and humans

A

Made up of GMO’s. not harmful to humans.

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14
Q

GMO’s examples

A

Cotton - kills insects
Soybean - resistant to herbicide
White bt maize - insect resistant

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15
Q

Are biotech crops suitable for developing countries?

A

Some crops can not be suitable for certain areas even though they have been developed for the world market.
Insecticide resistant can vary year to year.

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16
Q

What is the advantage of the national SA biotech strategy?

A

Improve affordability and access of health care
Provide sufficient nutrition at low costs
Create manufacturing jobs
protect and enrich the environment.