Mitochondria Flashcards
What shape are mitochondria?
Rod-shaped.
What size are mitochondria?
1-10 micrometers in length.
What features does a mitochondrion have?
A double membrane, cristae and a matrix.
What does the double membrane control?
The entry and exit of material.
What does the inner membrane fold to form?
Cristae.
What are cristae?
Extensions of the inner membrane.
What do cristae do in some species?
Extend across the whole width of the mitochondrion.
What do cristae provide?
A large surface area for the attachment of enzymes and other proteins involved in respiration.
What does the matrix make up?
The remainder of the mitochondrion.
What does the matrix contain?
Proteins, lipids, ribosomes, and DNA.
What does the DNA in the matrix allow?
The mitochondria to control the production of some of their own proteins.
What are also found in the matrix?
Many enzymes involved in respiration.
What are mitochondria the sites of?
Aerobic stages of respiration.
What are mitochondria responsible for?
The production of ATP from respiratory substrates such as glucose.
What cells have a large number and size of mitochondria?
Cells that have a high level of metabolic activity and require a lot of ATP.
