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Path SJSM > Final path lab 3 (messed up & added block stuff in the others) > Flashcards

Final path lab 3 (messed up & added block stuff in the others) Flashcards

1
Q

(Female) patient shows up with recurrent pain in the right hypochondriac region. Barium x-ray is done, or endoscopy is done, which shows mass in gallbladder or stomach. Patient says they have a burning sensation during digestion. This is because there are pancreatic enzymes in the stomach. There is no further action that needs to take place. What’s the condition?

A

Choristoma

(Different organ cells within the tissue)

COMMOLY FOUND IN EYE, GALLBLADDER, STOMACH

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2
Q

Describe the condition?

A

Choristoma (Gall bladder mucosa with Pancreatic lobules)

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3
Q

Describe the condition

A

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

1) Mucocutaneous hyperpigmented lesions that disappear with time
2) gastric hamartomatous polyps

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4
Q

Describe the condition

A

Pulmonary hamartoma
- coin lesion
- popcorn calcifications
- nodules with hyalin and adipose foci
- most common benign lung tumor
- SOB, minimal respiratory problems & lung nodule
- Biopsy shows mixed pale immature myxomatous tissue

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5
Q

Describe the condition’s features

A

Pulmonary hamartoma
- coin lesion
- popcorn calcifications
- nodules with hyalin and adipose foci
- most common benign lung tumor
- SOB, minimal respiratory problems & lung nodule
- Biopsy shows mixed pale immature myxomatous tissue

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6
Q
  • coin lesion
  • popcorn calcifications
  • nodules with hyalin and adipose foci
  • most common benign lung tumor
  • SOB, minimal respiratory problems & lung nodule
  • Biopsy shows mixed pale immature myxomatous tissue
A

Pulmonary hamartoma

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7
Q

1) Mucocutaneous hyperpigmented lesions that disappear with time
2) gastric hamartomatous polyps

A

peutz-jeghers syndrome

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8
Q

Describe the condition

A

Hirchsprungs disease

Intraluminal air

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9
Q

Intraluminal air

A

Hirchsprungs disease

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10
Q

Describe the condition

A

Necrotizing enterocolitis

1) Hemorrhagic necrosis from submucosa to the muscular wall
2) disintegrated vili
3) air trapped in-between the submucosa (rings)

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11
Q

Describe the condition

A

Lymphangioma

1) persist
2) due to cystic of cavernous dilation
3) benign malformations of lymphatics
4) can cause testicular atrophy
5) SAME ORGAN CELLS IN THE TISSUE

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12
Q

1) persist
2) due to cystic of cavernous dilation
3) benign malformations of lymphatics
4) can cause testicular atrophy
5) SAME ORGAN CELLS IN THE TISSUE

A

Lymphangioma

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13
Q
A

Lymphangioma

1) persist
2) due to cystic of cavernous dilation
3) benign malformations of lymphatics
4) can cause testicular atrophy
5) SAME ORGAN CELLS IN THE TISSUE

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14
Q

Describe the features of Von Hippel Lindau

A

mutated VHL gene leads to increased risk of

1) Phenochromocytomas
2) renal carcinomas
3) retinal angiomas/hemangioblastomas
4) pancreatic cytadenomas
5) neuroendocrine tumors

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15
Q

mutated VHL gene leads to increased risk of

1) Phenochromocytomas
2) renal carcinomas
3) retinal angiomas/hemangioblastomas
4) pancreatic cytadenomas
5) neuroendocrine tumors

A

Von Hippel Lindau

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16
Q

Describe the condition

A

fibroadenoma of the breast

1) small, mobile, encapsulated lump
2) benign adenoma

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17
Q

Describe the condition

A

fibroadenoma of the breast

1) small, mobile, encapsulated lump
2) benign adenoma

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18
Q

Biopsy shows well circumscribed, uniformly hypercellular stroma, uniform distribution of glands and stroma. The mammogram shows a mass in the breast, that looks fibrous. Can see fibrous capsule covering benign adenoma, why it’s well demarcated.

A

fibroadenoma of the breast

1) small, mobile, encapsulated lump
2) benign adenoma

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19
Q

Nontender, distorted shape of breast. Well-defined mobile mass. 25 y/o woman comes in and reports a distorted size of one breast.
No risk of developing into breast cancer, but has family Hx of breast cancer

A

fibroadenoma of the breast

TUMOR GROWS FROM FIBROUS TISSUE

20
Q

Neonate is presented with nasal flaring and grunting. This is due to surfactant deficiency, therefore need cortisol secretion (need to hit baby and starts crying, release of cortisol increased 🡪 Type II pneumocytes are responsible for secreting surfactant

A

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

21
Q

Describe the condition

A

tumor of the breast

1) leaf-like stroma & capsulated by fibrous tissue

22
Q

Describe the condition

A

Inflammatory breast cancer

one sided breast enlargement with skin dimpling (peau d’orange)

23
Q

one sided breast enlargement with skin dimpling (peau d’orange)

A

Inflammatory breast cancer

24
Q

Describe the condition

A

Mature ovarian cystic teratoma (dermatoid cyst)

1) has all 3 germ layers (ecto, endo, meso) skin, sweat glands, etc)

25
Q

1) has all 3 germ layers (ecto, endo, meso) skin, sweat glands, etc)

A

Mature ovarian cystic teratoma (dermatoid cyst)

26
Q

Describe the condition

A

Mature ovarian cystic teratoma (dermatoid cyst)

1) has all 3 germ layers (ecto, endo, meso) skin, sweat glands, etc)

27
Q

Describe the condition

A

Benign leiomyoma

well defined neoplasm

28
Q

well defined neoplasm

A

Benign leiomyoma

29
Q

Describe the grade of A

A

Normal stratified squamous epithelium

30
Q

Describe the grade of B

A

CIN 1

Mild dysplasia
nuclear angulation
Vacuolization

31
Q

Describe the grade of C

A

CIN 2

More severe dysplagia (affects more epi layers)
Varied size of cells & nuclei
Superficial layers may look normal

32
Q

Describe the grade of D

A

CIN 3

Changes in cell & nuclear size & shape
Abnormal mitoses affective all layers of epi

33
Q

Describe

A

Normal cervix

34
Q

Describe the condition

A

Cervical cancer

Large, dark & irregular shaped nuclei

35
Q

Describe the condition

A

Necrotizing enterocolitis

1) hemorrhagic necrosis from submucosa to muscular wall
2) abdominal distension
3) bloody stools
4) AIR INBETWEEN THE SUBMUCOSA (RINGS)
5) Disintegrated villi

36
Q

1) hemorrhagic necrosis from submucosa to muscular wall
2) abdominal distension
3) bloody stools
4) AIR INBETWEEN THE SUBMUCOSA (RINGS)
5) Disintegrated villi

A

Necrotizing enterocolitis

37
Q

Describe the condition

A

Hirschsprung’s

1) Intraluminal air
2) Hyperactive response to bacteria increasing TLR’s
3) Mass in duodenal area

38
Q

1) Intraluminal air
2) Hyperactive response to bacteria increasing TLR’s
3) Mass in duodenal area

A

Hirschsprung’s

39
Q

1) leaf-like stroma & capsulated by fibrous tissue

A

Phyllodes tumor of the breast

40
Q

Describe the condition

A

Neonatal Respiratory Distress syndrome

1) Eosinophilic hyalin lining the bronchioles, alveolar ducts, & alveoli (necrotic type 2 pneumocytes & fibrin)
2) increase pulmonary vascular permeability
3) leaking plasma into hyaline
4) decreased surfactant
5) GROUND GLASS OPACITIES

41
Q

1) Eosinophilic hyalin lining the bronchioles, alveolar ducts, & alveoli (necrotic type 2 pneumocytes & fibrin)
2) increase pulmonary vascular permeability
3) leaking plasma into hyaline
4) decreased surfactant
5) GROUND GLASS OPACITIES

A

neonatalrespiratory distress syndrome

42
Q

Describe the condition

A

Capillary hemangioma

1) Disappear by age 6
2) No stroma in-between BV
3) Face, neck, chest, butt
4) decreased vision (amblyopia) & droopy eye

43
Q

1) Disappear by age 6
2) No stroma in-between BV
3) Face, neck, chest, butt
4) decreased vision (amblyopia) & droopy eye

A

Capillary hemangioma

44
Q

Describe the features of hemangiomas

A

Dilated vascular channels filled with alot of RBCs

45
Q

Describe the condition

A

Cavernous hemangioma

1) Persist
2) STROMA inbetween BV
3) Brain & liver
4) neurodeficits, seizures, speech & memory loss
5) remove with surgery

46
Q

1) Persist
2) STROMA inbetween BV
3) Brain & liver
4) neurodeficits, seizures, speech & memory loss
5) remove with surgery

A

Cavernous hemangioma

Path SJSM (26 decks)

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