Test 4 - Respiratory Flashcards
Conducting portion of the air passages.
the conducting portion adds moisture and warmth to the air and traps bacteria in mucous before it enters the lungs
What is the respiratory portion of the air passages?
where gas exchange occurs
What is the nasal passage vestibule?
dilated space of nasal cavity just inside nostrils that is lined by skin
What histology objects are found in the nasal vestibule?
- stratified squamous -> pseudostratified
- vibrissae
- sebaceous glands
What are the turbinates?
folds that increase surface area (helps air go through pharynx quicker)
What is special about the olfactory segment of the nasal passage?G
Detects odors - “ciliated” that are actually dendrites of olfactory receptor cells have receptors for smells (also has supporting cells, basal cells, brush cells, olfactory glands)
What receptor type detects most odorants?
GPCRs
How is the information about odorants generally transmitted to the CNS?
olfactory receptor cells -> olfactory bulb -> olfactory nerve
What is the function of the larynx?
passage for air and vocalization
What is the structure of the larynx?
- hyaline & elastic cartilage
- vocal folds (cords)
- vocalis muscle (skeletal)
- ventricular folds
What is the histology of the vocal folds?
made of mainly vocalis muscle & ligaments with stratified squamous epithelium
What is the histology of the ventricular folds?
mucosal folds (not involved in speech)
Describe the histology of the trachea.
- mucosa
- pseudostratified ciliated epithelium with goblet cells
- lamina propria with diffuse lymphatics - submucosa
- mix of cartilaginous rings with thick glands
- submucosa where rings aren’t present
-trachealis smooth muscle - adventitia - where attached to esophagus
