physical education exam

Question 1

Physical benefits of physical activity

Answer 1

Improved cardivascular function
-finess, stamina and energy increase.
-due to increase in size and strength of heart muscle.
-work more efficiently
-more oxygen is able to be transported

Question 2

social benefits of physical activity

Answer 2

-increase enjoyment of activtity
-improve self concept
-improve quality of life and sense of wellbeing
enhance engadgment
-increase sense of belonging
-decrease social isolation

Question 3

mental benefits of physical activity

Answer 3

-greater self-esteem and lower levels of anxiety
-improve quality of sleep
-improed brain function

Question 4

emotional benefits of physical activity

Answer 4

-boost of mood
-reduce feelings of anxiety and depressive symptoms
-improved sleep
-increase endorphins

Question 5

Contemporary issues associated with physical activity

Answer 5

-declining levels of physical activity/sport
-alcohol and gambling sponsorship in sport
-active transport
-children and competitive sport
-people with disabiilities
-increased obesity rates
-cultural diversity and inclusion in sport

Question 6

dimensions of physical activity

Answer 6

Known as FITT
f- frequency- how often you complete it
I- Intensity - how hard you do it
T- Type - type of activity being undertaken
T- Time - How long the activity is done for (minutes-hours)

Question 7

Domains of Physical Activity

Answer 7

Ocupational-Household-Leisure-Transport
Occupation- work related e.g nurses obtain much physical activity at work always walking around and doing thngs for the patients.
Household- incidental-gardening, doing the dishes, hanging out the washing etc.
Leisure- Recreational activities, sports, hobbies, exercise.
Transport- Going somewhere- walking, cycling, stairs, standing while on public transport.

Question 8

Ways of measuring intensity

Answer 8

The talk test
This helps to see if you can maintain a conversation, if you can’t than you have worked at a higher physical activity level.

An exortion scale
An exerciser is asked to rate how hard they feel they are working on a scale of 0-10 (1 being very light and 10 being the maximum effort).

Question 9

National phyical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines for children aged 0-5 years.

Answer 9

Physical activity (birth- 1 year)
-supervised floor based play should be encourged from birth

1-5 years years
-should be physically active every day for at least 3 hours. This can be spread across the day.

Sedentary behaviour
Birth-2 years
-should not spend any time watching Tv or other electronic devices.

2-5 years
- no more than 1 hour a day sitting and watching TV or electronic devices

Question 10

Children 5-12

Answer 10

physical activity
- at least 1 hour of mod-vig activity per day
-at least 3 days per week include some muscle strenthening activity.
-several hours of physical activity should be encouraged.

Sedentary behaviour
-no more than 2 hours of TV or electronic devices
-long peiords of sitting should be broken up as often as possible.

Question 11

Young people aged 13-17

Answer 11

Physical activity
-at least 1 hour of mod-vig activity per day
-at least 3 days per week include some muscle strengthening activity
-Several hours of physical activity should be encouraged.

Sedentary behaviour
-no more than 2 hours of TV or other electronic devices
-long periods of sitting should be broken up as often as possible.

Question 12

Adults 18-64 years

Answer 12

Physical activity
-be active on most preferbly all days of the week
-accumulate 2.5-5 hours of moderate activity or 1.25-2.5 vigorous activity each week
-at least 2 days per week include some muscle strengthening acitivity

sedentary behaviour
-minimise the amount of time spent sitting
-long peripds of sitting should be broken up as often as possible

Question 13

Older adults aged 65+

Answer 13

physical activity
-be active on most, preferebely all days of week
-accumulate at least 30 mins of mod activity on most days, if not all days
-At least 2 days per week include muscle strengthening activity

sedentary behviour
-no specific guidelines for sed behaviour
-if physical activity is stopped, they should start at an achievable level and build it up.

Question 14

population based approaches to getting people active

Answer 14

Environmental change
Education programs
Policy change
Mass media

Question 15

Sedentary behaviour inactivity- incidental physical activity

Answer 15

sed behaviour- is behaviour that is associated with sitting or lying down, including activities such as
-watching television
-working or playing on a computer (unless you are standing)
-driving on sitting on a car, bus or train
-it also includes homework, study or reading

Question 16

Indidental physical activity

Answer 16

is unstructures activity accumulated throughout the day
-walking instead of driving
-stairs instead of elevator
-housework
-gardening

physical activity is not the primary goal its the consequence of behaviour.

Question 17

Inactivity

Answer 17

To be physically inactive means to have physical activity levels below the level recommended to obtain health benefits.

Question 18

Sociocultural influences on participation in physical activity

Historical influences

Answer 18

-A stereotypic aussie is a tanned athletic person
-Historically Australians have been successful in both team and individual sports which has shaped physical activity for all australians.

Question 19

Sociocultural influences on participation in physical activity

social influences

Answer 19

Refers to the people around you
-peers
-parents
-siblings
-pets
-work colleges
-health professionals

Social support can come from any one of the above mentioned

Social behaviours include
-being active with someone
-encouraging someone to be active
-providing support for someone to be active

Question 20

Sociocultural influences on participation in physical activity

cultural influences

Answer 20

-culturally and linguistically diverse population groups are less likely to participate in sufficient physical activity.

-this may be due to cultural expectations obligations
-and religious beliefs may restrict people to be physically active

-Due to Australia’s migrants, European participation rates in sports such as soccer have seen a big rise.

Question 21

Sociocultural influences on participation in physical activity

environmental influences

Answer 21

-two types built or (constructed) or natural
-whether you have access to facilities
-How nice or poor the weather is
-How aesthetically pleasing your environment is
-Infrastructure of your area
-Terrain

Question 22

Sociocultural influences on participation in physical activity

Individual influences

Answer 22

Gender
-not many differences between male and female participation rates in sport and recreational activities until 25-34 males slightly higher.
-Males participate in more vigorous activity

Socioeconomic status
-Lower SES refers to decreased participation levels in physical activity.

Self efficacy and cognitive variables
-positives include positive attitude, expected benefits, enjoyment and intentions to exercise.
-negatives include negative attitude, perceived barriers, depression.

Question 23

Subjective and Objective physical activity tools (positive and negative)

Answer 23

Subjective-diary or log

Pros:
-not expensive
-easier to use
-able to provide more explanation of what you did

Cons:
-remembering accurately and honestly
-Not as accurate as you may not remember things that you have done so make things up.

Objective- Pedometer or Accelerometer

Pros:
-More accurate in collecting data

Cons:
-More expensive to buy