biology glossary

Question 1

define nucleotide

Answer 1

the basic building block of nuclei acid

Question 2

define DNA

Answer 2

deoxyribonucleiec acid

Question 3

define chromosone

Answer 3

a threadlike structure made of protien and a single molecule of DNA that serve to carry the gentic information from one cell to another cell

Question 4

autosomal chromosone

Answer 4

chromosone that are not sex chromosones

Question 5

sex chromosome

Answer 5

a type of chromosome involved in determining the sex

Question 6

allele

Answer 6

variations of a gene

Question 7

define gene

Answer 7

the basic unit of inheritance

Question 8

define trait

Answer 8

specific characteristics of an individual determined by a gene

Question 9

define dominant trait

Answer 9

a trait that will appear in the offspring if one parent cell has it

Question 10

define recessive trait

Answer 10

a trait that is masked by a dominant trait and will only appear in offspring if both parent cells have it

Question 11

define homozygous

Answer 11

individuals carrying two identical alleles

Question 12

define hetrozygous

Answer 12

individuals carrying two deifferent alleles

Question 13

define genotype

Answer 13

the genetic makeup of an organism

Question 14

define phenotype

Answer 14

an individuals observable traits

Question 15

define pedigree

Answer 15

the gentic background of an organism

Question 16

define species

Answer 16

a group of organisms that can reproduce

Question 17

define variations

Answer 17

gentic differneces between any organsisms and species

Question 18

define mutations

Answer 18

the change in DNA sequance of an organism

Question 19

natural selection

Answer 19

where some living things survive better in their environment than others

Question 20

define eveolution

Answer 20

the change in heritable characteristics

Question 21

define selection pressure

Answer 21

external elements that effect an orgamisms ability to surive in their environemnt

Question 22

define mitosis

Answer 22

the process of single cell dividing into two identical cells

Question 23

define miosis

Answer 23

the process of a single parent cell seperates into four daughter cells with half of the gentic information of the parent cells