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Module 5 Exam > Disorders of Tooth Formation > Flashcards

Disorders of Tooth Formation Flashcards

1
Q

When do deciduous teeth start to erupt?

A

6 months old

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2
Q

What is the first primary tooth to erupt?

A

Mandibular central incisor

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3
Q

What is the second primary tooth to erupt?

A

Maxillary central incisor

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4
Q

What age have all the primary incisors erupted by?

A

9 months

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5
Q

When do the primary first molars erupt?

A

12-14 months old

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6
Q

What age does the primary canines erupt?

A

16-18 months

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7
Q

What age does the last teeth (second molars) erupt into the mouth and complete the primary dentition?

A

24-30 months

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8
Q

What age does the first permanent tooth erupt and which tooth is it?

A

First molar - 6 yrs

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9
Q

When does the first permanent incisor erupt?

A

7 yrs old

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10
Q

When does the second permanent incisor erupt?

A

8 yrs old

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11
Q

When does the first permanent premolar erupt?

A

9 yrs old

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12
Q

When does the second permanent premolar erupt?

A

10 yrs old

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13
Q

When do the permanent canines erupt?

A

11 yrs old

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14
Q

When do the permanent second molars erupt?

A

12 yrs old

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15
Q

When do the permanent third molars erupt?

A

18-25 yrs old

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16
Q

What are the morphological differences between primary and permanent teeth?

A

-Smaller
-Shorter crown
-Lighter colour - appears more white
-Thinner enamel and dentine
-Pulp horns are nearer the surface
-Pulp is relatively larger in regards to surrounding tooth
-Curved roots
-Contact points are flatter and wider

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17
Q

What is hypodontia?

A

Missing teeth as a result of them failing to develop

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18
Q

What is anodontia?

A

a genetic disorder defined as the absence of all teeth

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19
Q

What is ogliodontia?

A

Rare condition where more than 6 primary or permanent teeth are absent

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20
Q

What teeth are most commonly affected by hypodontia?

A

8s
5s
1s

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21
Q

What is the treatment for hypodontia?

A

Full/partial dentures
Implants
Composite advised to mask conical or mis-shaped teeth

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22
Q

What is hyperdontia?

A

an excess number of teeth beyond the expected 20 deciduous and 32 permanent teeth
(supernumerary)

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23
Q

Is hyperdontia more common in males or females?

A

males

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24
Q

What are mesiodens

A

a supernumerary tooth present in the midline or immediately adjacent to midline

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25
Q

What are paramolars?

A

a supernumerary molar usually small and rudimentary, most commonly situated buccally or palatally to one of the maxillary molars

26
Q

What are distomolars?

A

a supernumerary tooth which is located distal to third molars

27
Q

Is hyperdontia more likely to be seen in the maxilla or the mandible?

A

Maxilla

28
Q

What is megadontia?

A

teeth larger than usual (big teeth)

29
Q

What is an example of a case where megadontia may be seen?

A

cases of pituitary gigantism

30
Q

What is microdontia?

A

teeth smaller than usual (small teeth)

31
Q

What teeth are most commonly affected by microdontia?

A

maxillary lateral incisors and third molars

32
Q

Is microdontia more common in males or females?

A

female

33
Q

What is microdontia often associated with?

A

ectodermal dysplasia
down syndrome

34
Q

What can cause disorders of root size?

A

-Racial variation - shorter roots seen in people of oriental backgrounds and larger roots in patients of African origin
-Irradiation of the jaws, or chemotherapy during root formation may lead to smaller roots
-Possibly ortho treatment

35
Q

What is germination?

A

1 tooth germ splits into 2 teeth, with 1 root canal

36
Q

What is fusion?

A

union of 2 normally separated adjacent tooth germs, with 2 canals

37
Q

What is concrescence?

A

joining of 2 teeth by cementum (root surface)

38
Q

What is dilaceration?

A

Gross disruption of root formation, remainder of tooth forms at an angle

39
Q

What is the treatment for disorders of tooth formation?

A

Primary dentition - no tx]
Permanent dentition - depends on morphology of pulp chambers/root canals

40
Q

What are invaginated teeth?

A

occurs when the palatal surface of the tooth enamel folds into the dentin during tooth development.
AKA - dens in dente (toot within a tooth)
pear shaped mass of enamel

41
Q

Is the prevalence of dens in dente more common in males or females?

A

males

42
Q

What is the treatment for invaginated teeth?

A

fissure seal soon after eruption
vitality test/radiograph
endo tx if pulp involvement

43
Q

What are evaginated teeth?

A

small tubercle on occlusal surface of the premolar in the central part of the fissure pattern

44
Q

What is the treatment for evaginated teeth?

A

radiographic evaluation to determine pulpal involvement (pulp horns in evagination)
restricted and repeated grinding of the tubercle, following by fissure sealant
removal of tubercle and limited pulpotomy may be required

45
Q

What is a talon cusp?

A

horn like projection of the cingulum of the maxillary incisor teeth

46
Q

what is the treatment for a talon cusp?

A

fissure seal margin
possible pulpotomy
no tx required if no interference with occlusion

47
Q

What is taurodontism?

A

Bull like teeth
Molar teeth where the pulp chambers of the teeth are enlarged vertically at the expense of the roots

48
Q

What is amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

Generalised term for enamel defects affecting all (or predominantly all) of the teeth of both the primary and permanent dentition,
effects ameloblasts
alters tooth colour

49
Q

what are the 2 classifications of amelogenesis imperfecta

A

hypoplasia
hypomineralisation

50
Q

what is enamel hypoplasia?

A

deficient enamel matrix resulting in thinner enamel, grooved or pitted, glossy, hard and translucent

51
Q

what is enamel hypomineralisation?

A

defect in the mineralisation of the enamel, normal thickness but very soft, discoloured yellow-brown, opaque and chalky, prone to caries/enamel weak, enamel chips easily, poorly formed

52
Q

what is dentinogenesis imperfecta?

A

an inherited disorder of dentine, effects odontoblasts, bluish tinge

53
Q

what is congenital syphilis?

A

caused by spirocheate treponema pallidum, found in dental follicle. transmitted via placenta

54
Q

what are the 3 anomalies found from congenital syphilis?

A

hutchinson’s incisors
mulberry molars
moon’s molars

55
Q

what is hutchinson’s incisors?

A

affects upper central incisors
‘notch’ on incisal edge
mesio-distal narrowing or incisal edge
may lead to an anterior open bite

56
Q

what are mulberry molars?

A

affects first permanent molars
occlusal surface is rough and pitted
looks like a raspberry/mulberry

57
Q

what are moons molars?

A

affects first permanent molars
round or dome shaped

58
Q

what are enamel pearls/enameloma?

A

small spherical enamel projection on a root surface (usually buccal)
often mistaken for calculus

59
Q

what is fluorosis?

A

a condition that causes changes in the appearance of tooth enamel. It may result when children regularly consume fluoride during the teeth-forming years

60
Q

what os tertracycline staining?

A

tooth discoloration occurs when tetracycline binds with the calcium needed for tooth development.

61
Q

what affect does jaundice have on the oral cavity?

A

jaundice is a condition that can cause yellow or green discolouration of teeth due to an alteration of the dentin as teeth are forming.

62
Q

what is molar incisor hypomineralisation?

A

a tooth condition where the enamel is softer than normal

Module 5 Exam (14 decks)

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