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Y13 BTEC - Unit 5 - Chemistry > A1 - Extraction of Titanium > Flashcards

A1 - Extraction of Titanium Flashcards

1
Q

What properties of titanium make it suitable for use in hip replacements?

A

Strong, lightweight, non-toxic, unreactive, malleable

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2
Q

What is the formula of titanium (IV) oxide?

A

TiO2

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3
Q

What is the name of TiO2?

A

Titanium (IV) oxide

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4
Q

What ore contains tiatanium (IV) oxide?

A

Rutile

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5
Q

What does the ore rutile contain?

A

TiO2

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6
Q

What is the name of the process used to extract titanium from TiO2?

A

Kroll process

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7
Q

What is the Kroll process used for?

A

Extracting Ti from TiO2

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8
Q

What is TiO2 reacted with in the first reactor in the Kroll process?

A

C and Cl2

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9
Q

What is TiO2 converted into in the first stage in the Kroll process?

A

TiCl4

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10
Q

What are the by-products of the first stage of the Kroll process?

A

CO2 or CO

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11
Q

Write a reaction equation for TiO2 reacting with C and Cl2 in the first stage of the Kroll process

A

TiO2 + C + 4Cl2 → TiCl4 + CO2

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12
Q

What is TiCl4 reacted with in the second stage of the Kroll process?

A

Na or Mg

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13
Q

What type of reaction happens between TiCl4 and Na or Mg in stage 2 of the Kroll process?

A

Reduction

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14
Q

What is a reduction?

A

Gain of electrons

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15
Q

What type of process involves gain of electrons?

A

Reduction

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16
Q

What substance is used to reduce TiCl4 in stage 2 of the Kroll process?

A

Na or Mg

17
Q

What is TiCl4 converted into in the second stage of the Kroll process?

A

Ti

18
Q

What is the byproduct of the second stage of the Kroll process?

A

NaCl or MgCl2

19
Q

Write a reaction equation for TiCl4 reacting with Na in the second stage of the Kroll process

A

TiCl4 + 4Na → Ti + 4NaCl

20
Q

Write a reaction equation for TiCl4 reacting with Mg in the second stage of the Kroll process

A

TiCl4 + 2Mg → Ti + 2MgCl2

21
Q

What is reactor 2 filled with in the Kroll process?

A

Ar gas

22
Q

Why does reactor 2 in the Kroll process need to be filled with Ar gas?

A

TiCl4 would react with O2. Ar is used because it doesn’t react with TiCl4

23
Q

What are the main disadvantages of the Kroll process?

A

Requires high temperatures, which are expensive. Takes a long time. It is complex and has multiple steps.

Y13 BTEC - Unit 5 - Chemistry (9 decks)

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