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BISC 120 EXAM 4 > Slides 25 > Flashcards

Slides 25 Flashcards

1
Q

what is an animal?

A

multicellular, heterotrophs, tissues, digestive system, nerve and muscle cells, developmental pathways, lack cell wall, move and detect and capture prey

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2
Q

nutritional mode

A

plants: autotrophs, fungi: absorptive heterotrophs, animals: ingestive heterotrophs

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3
Q

animals

A

multicellular eukaryote

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4
Q

collagen

A

animal cells are supported by these structural proteins

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5
Q

tissues

A

groups of similar cells that act as. functional unit, nervous tissue and muscle tissue are unique

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6
Q

reproduction

A

most reproduce sexually, with diploid stage dominating, sperm and eggs produced directly by meiotic division

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7
Q

development of animal zygotes

A

undergo cleavage: succession of cell division without growth between divisions, then formation of bastula: form of hollow ball of cells, then undergo gastrulation: forming gastrula with different layers of embryonic tissues

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8
Q

body plan symmetry

A

radial vs bilateral

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9
Q

radial symmetry

A

no front and back or left and right (cnidaria)

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10
Q

bilateral symmetry

A

only one imaginary cut divides the animal into mirror-image halves (remaining animal groups)

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11
Q

animal classification by embryo cleavage

A

protostome (cleavage spirally, determinate), deuterostome (cleavage radically, indeterminate)

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12
Q

animal classification- tissues

A

tissues are collections of specialized cells isolated from other tissues by membranous layers; three germ layers give rise to tissues and organs of animal embryos: ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm

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13
Q

embryonic layers of sponges/porifera

A

lack true tissues

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14
Q

diploblastic

A

have two: ectoderm and endoderm; includes cnidarians and few others

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15
Q

tripoblastic

A

endoderm, ectoderm, and intervening mesoderm layer; includes all bilaterians

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16
Q

protostome coelom (body cavity)

A

splitting of mesoderm forms the coelom

17
Q

deuterostome coelom (body cavity)

A

mesoderm buds from the wall of the archenteron form the coelom

18
Q

coelomates

A

animals that possess a true coelom; contained between mesoderm tissue, think worm

19
Q

hemocoelomates

A

animals that possess a true pseudocoelom; fake body cavity, gap in endoderm and mesoderm

20
Q

acoelomates

A

animals that lack a body cavity, compact, continual tissue attachment; think flat thing

21
Q

protostome blastopore

A

blastopore becomes the mouth

22
Q

deuterostome blastopore

A

blastopore becomes the anus

23
Q

know protostome vs deuterostome

A
24
Q

animal evolution common ancestor

A

morphological and molecular data, common ancestor resembled choanoflagellates

25
Q

porifera

A

basal group, sedentary live in water, suspension feeders who capture food particles suspended in water passing through their body, most similar to common ancestor

26
Q

porifera anatomy

A

choanocytes (flagella circulates water and captures food), amoebocyte (transport of nutrients, produce spicules), porocytes (span body wall to make pores), osculum (large opening for water)

27
Q

eumetazoa

A

clade of animals with true tissues, ctenophora and cnidaria branch off first, RADIALLY SYMMETRICAL, DIPLOBLASTIC

28
Q

Cnidaria

A

jellies, corals, hydras; carnivores and use tentacles to capture prey; dipoblastic and radial symmetry; muscles and simple neural net, sac with a central gastrovascular cavity, single opening mouth and anus, sessile polyp or motile medusa stage during life cycle; doesn’t move

29
Q

bilaterians

A

most animals, 3 major clades: ecdysozoa, lophotrochozoa, deuterostomia; all have mesoderm development, trilobastic; cambrian explosion

30
Q

ecdysozoa

A

invertebrates that shed their exoskeletons through a process called ecdysis; protosomes, phyla arthroppoda and nematoda, hard chitin exoskeleton, segmented body and jointed appendages

31
Q

lophotrochozoans

A

contain mollusca and annelida (earthworms), have feeding structure called lophophore which collects water to push things in mouth, other have developmental stage trochophore larva

32
Q

deuterostomia

A

only group with invertebrates and vertebrates

33
Q

chordata

A

notochord aka backbone; dorsal, hollow nerve chord; pharyngeal slits of clefts; muscular, post-anal tail

BISC 120 EXAM 4 (8 decks)

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